排序方式: 共有101条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Lucia Quaglia 《West European politics》2013,36(3):549-568
This article proposes a three-tier framework for analysing the politics of central bank independence. International factors explain the general trend towards central bank independence. However, they are framed differently by various national systems. At the national level, for heuristic purposes, the analysis can be structured by focusing on ‘suppliers’ and ‘demanders’ of central bank independence. The former are the political authorities, whereas the latter are socioeconomic forces and interest groups, with the central bank positioned in-between. At the micro-institutional level, central banks can be influential economic and political actors situated at the interface between levels of governance. The added value of this integrated framework is appraised using one case study, the Bank of Italy's path to independence, which is compared with the experience of the Bank of England and the Bundesbank. In contrast to many works on central bank independence, the methodology adopted here is qualitative, rather than quantitative, and is grounded in empirical research. 相似文献
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Arim RG Tramonte L Shapka JD Dahinten VS Willms JD 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2011,40(11):1423-1435
The purpose of this study was to examine both the family antecedents and the outcomes of early puberty, with a particular
focus on factors related to family socioeconomic status (SES). The study employed a comprehensive measurement of pubertal
development and longitudinal data from the Canadian National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth. The sample (N = 8,440; 49% girls) included four cohorts of children who were followed biennially for 10 years, starting from age 4–11 to
14–21 years. Data were drawn at different years of age from these cohorts of children. Girls whose fathers were unemployed
were more likely to experience early puberty than those whose fathers were employed. For boys, those living with fathers who
had not finished secondary school were more likely to experience early puberty. Early maturing girls tended to engage in smoking
and drinking at an earlier age compared with their peers. These findings provide support for psychosocial acceleration theory
and suggest that different aspects of low family SES may act as a psychosocial stress for early pubertal maturation in boys
versus girls, which may lead to engagement in drinking and smoking at a younger age, at least for girls. 相似文献
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Kate J. Bowers Shane D. Johnson Rob T. Guerette Lucia Summers Suzanne Poynton 《Journal of Experimental Criminology》2011,7(4):347-374
Objectives
To undertake a systematic review of the extent to which geographically focused policing initiatives appear to displace crime (simply relocate it to other places) or diffuse benefits (lead to reductions elsewhere). 相似文献27.
ABSTRACTThis article explores the articulation and experience of Soviet gendered ideology regarding work in the Tajik SSR, one of the Muslim Soviet peripheries, during the post-war period ending with Perestroika. Central Asian women’s work was used for economic purposes, as well as being a key driver for fulfilling the ideological objective of emancipating Central Asian women from religion and tradition. Through a feminist postcolonial geography approach, attentive to questions of discourse and material lived experiences, this article explores the ways in which gender and ethnicity were co-produced by Soviet ideology. Analysis of scientific publications produced by Tajikistani female researchers, and of women’s magazines from the 1950s, is contrasted with ethnographic data on workers from various collective farms and semi-urban places, including ‘work heroines’ (peshqadam). Our findings illustrate the hybrid nature of the Soviet regime, advancing theoretical debates on the use of postcolonial theory in Soviet Central Asia. 相似文献
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Valente-Campos S Yonamine M de Moraes Moreau RL Silva OA 《Forensic science international》2006,159(2-3):218-222
The objective of the present work was to compare previously published methods and provide validation data to detect simultaneously cocaine (COC), benzoylecgonine (BE) and norcocaine (NCOC) in nail. Finger and toenail samples (5mg) were cut in very small pieces and submitted to an initial procedure for external decontamination. Methanol (3 ml) was used to release analytes from the matrix. A cleanup step was performed simultaneously by solid-phase extraction (SPE) and the residue was derivatized with pentafluoropropionic anhydride/pentafluoropropanol (PFPA/PFP). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to detect the analytes in selected ion monitoring mode (SIM). Confidence parameters of validation of the method were: recovery, intra- and inter-assay precision, as well as limit of detection (LOD) of the analytes. The limits of detection were: 3.5 ng/mg for NCOC and 3.0 ng/mg for COC and BE. Good intra-assay precision was observed for all detected substances (coefficient of variation (CV)<11%). The inter-assay precision for norcocaine and benzoylecgonine were <4%. For intra- and inter-assay precision deuterated internal standards were used. Toenail and fingernail samples from eight declared cocaine users were submitted to the validated method. 相似文献
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An autoerotic fatality due to mechanical compression of the neck by a sophisticated construction used for breath control games is reported. The presence of signs of methemoglobinemia as well as an empty "poppers" flask found beside the passed indicated the use of volatile nitrites to enhance sexual pleasure. It was assumed that vasodilatation had caused a sudden unconsciousness with consecutive hanging. 相似文献
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