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991.
This article examines the role of title registration in providingsecurity of property rights for landowners. A simple model isdeveloped to examine the trade-off between increased securityof registering title against the administrative costs of accessingthe system. The model predicts that the demand for registrationshould be increasing in the value of the land, the educationof the landowner, and proximity to the central government (thelatter two being measures of the cost of accessing the system).Evidence on land registration in Kenya provides support forthe model. 相似文献
992.
52 autopsy cases in combination with falls on staircases examined in the Bonn Institute of Legal Medicine in 1992 to 2000 were evaluated with respect to the query whether the morphological criteria were valid for reconstruction of the fall, in what way facial injuries were involved and whether isolated trunk injuries caused the death. In 80 per cent of all cases the localization of impact on skull and trunk could be deliminated in regards to heaviness of injuries with fractures and involvement of inner organs. Facial injuries were noticed in 50 per cent and were--as well as arm and leg injuries--caused by strike in fall or after impact. In only two cases in consequence of falls on staircases trauma of the trunk led to death by bleeding. 相似文献
993.
Gunshot reconstructions based on individually parametrical 3-dimensional victim models] 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In cases of lethal firearm injuries computer enhanced anatomical feasibility studies can provide unambiguous clues concerning self-versus extraneous infliction. To this end individualized digital 3-dimensional geometrical models of the victim and the weapon are generated true to scale with the help of the CAD software (POSER Version 4, egi.sys AG). All anatomical data relevant to the motion apparatus and the range of movement as well as the injuries of the individual victim are carefully documented and serve as input parameters for the digital geometrical model. The bullet path is visualized as a cylinder between entrance and exit wound. A series of simulation sequences then can be carried out by the variation of anatomically possible shot positions and the virtual grasp of the weapon. An exact alignment of the firearm's barrel and the bullet path is a reliable statement for the feasibility of self-infliction. In addition to circumstantial evidence the digital reconstruction of the firearm shot admits of unambiguous conclusions about the course of the traumatic event. 相似文献
994.
This study examined the relationship between psychopathy and malingering in a subsample of male prison inmates (n = 55) participating in a larger study of the clinical utility of various assessment measures in correctional settings. Participants' capacity to feign major mental illness successfully was evaluated using standard cutoff scores for the detection of malingering on a variety of instruments, including the Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS; G. P. Smith & G. O. Burger, 1997), the Structured Interview of Reported Symptoms (SIRS; R. Rogers, R. M. Bagby, & S. E. Dickens, 1992), and the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI; L. Morey, 1991). Psychopathic traits were assessed via the Psychopathic Personality Inventory (PPI; S.O. Lilienfeld & B. P. Andrews, 1996). Correlations between the malingering indices and the PPI were low (–.14 to .14) and not statistically significant. These findings fail to support the clinical intuition that individuals with higher levels of psychopathy are likely to be more adept at malingering. 相似文献
995.
H F Krous J M Nadeau R W Byard B D Blackbourne 《The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology》2001,22(4):346-351
Oronasal secretions are observed frequently in sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), but overt blood is uncommonly reported. The literature on oronasal blood in sudden infant death is limited. The goal of this study was to determine the frequency of oronasal blood in sudden infant deaths and to examine possible causative factors. Oronasal blood was described in 28 (7%) of 406 cases of sudden infant death. Oronasal blood could not be attributed to cardiopulmonary resuscitation in 14 cases, including 10 (3%) of 300 cases of SIDS, 2 (14%) of 14 accidental suffocation cases, and 2 (15%) of 13 undetermined cases. Eight of the 10 infants in cases of sudden infant death were bedsharing: 5 with both parents, 2 between both parents. The infant in 1 SIDS case was from a family that had had three referrals to Child Protective Services. Oronasal blood not attributable to cardiopulmonary resuscitation occurs rarely in SIDS when the infant is sleeping supine in a safe environment. Bedsharing may place infants at risk of suffocation from overlaying. Oronasal blood observed before cardiopulmonary resuscitation is given is probably of oronasal skin or mucous membrane origin and may be a sign of accidental or inflicted suffocation. Sanguineous secretions that are mucoid or frothy are likely of remote origin, such as lung alveoli. The use of an otoscope to establish the origin of oronasal blood in cases of sudden infant death is recommended. 相似文献
996.
997.
DNA-based identification of forensically important Chrysomyinae (Diptera: Calliphoridae). 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Identifying an insect specimen is an important first step in a forensic-entomological analysis. However, diagnostic morphological criteria are lacking for many species and life stages. We demonstrate a method for using mitochondrial DNA sequence data and phylogenetic analysis to identify any specimen of the blow fly subfamily Chrysomyinae likely to be collected from a human corpse within Canada or the USA. The reliability of the method was illustrated by analyzing specimens designed to mimic the information likely to be obtained from highly degraded specimens as well as specimens collected from widely separated geographic locations. Our sequence database may be suitable for another country provided the investigator knows the local fly fauna well enough to narrow the choice of chrysomyine species to those used in this study. 相似文献
998.
To improve the possibilities of delimitating the time of death after longer laytime it was examined if this is possible by immunohistochemical detection of calcitonin. The results show that in our examination material the c-cells of the thyroid glands of up to 4-day-old corpses produce a positive immunoreaction towards calcitonin in all cases whereas none of the corpses older than 13 days show such a reaction. This means that in the case of a negative immunoreaction the time of death can be assumed to lie >4 days before the autopsy. The fact that a negative immunoreaction occurred consistently after 13 days leads to the conclusion that when calcitonin has been stained in a specimen, the death of the respective person must lie a maximum of 12 days earlier, whereby these time-limits may change in considerably different surrounding conditions. 相似文献
999.
1000.