浅析越南与日本的战略伙伴关系

越日战略伙伴关系有着较为深厚的基础。近年来,越日两国战略伙伴关系不断发展,高层保持频繁接触,经贸关系不断加强,防务合作日渐紧密,涉华岛礁争端上遥相呼应。越南国家利益的需要是其发展对日关系的内部动因,越日关系发展背后的美国因素也日益凸显。越日关系的发展对东亚地缘政治、中国周边外交和中越关系会产生一定的影响。     

语言政策与国家认同:原苏联民族语言政策的失误与思考

苏联成立后,没有建立将俄语作为国家通用语言进行推广的法律框架,但在具体实践中却逐渐强化了俄语作为通用语的推广力度,并将推广俄语与构建"苏联人民"联系起来。由于没有辩证地区分语言的身份标志作用与交流作用,因而引起了一些非俄罗斯加盟共和国民族主义情绪的反弹。上述失误使原苏联语言政策未能有效发挥对国家认同应有的促进作用。     

Asia 1型口蹄疫病毒多抗原表位真核表达质粒的构建及表达

为了构建Asia 1型口蹄疫病毒多抗原表位真核表达质粒,采用多表位基因串联策略,合成包括口蹄疫病毒T细胞和B细胞表位基因的基因片段F,该基因片段由结构蛋白VP1上的2个B细胞表位(VP1135-159aa、VP1194-211aa)基因、非结构蛋白3A和3D上的T细胞表位(3A21-35aa、3D795-803aa)基因组成。利用限制性内切酶HindⅢ、XbaⅠ将基因片段F克隆至真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(+)。经酶切鉴定、序列分析正确后,利用LipofectamineTM2000将阳性重组质粒pc-F转染至BHK-21细胞。Western-blot和IFA分析结果显示,所表达的蛋白大小约25.4ku,能够与Asia 1型口蹄疫病毒标准兔抗血清发生特异性反应,证实所表达的蛋白具有较好的反应原性。结果表明,Asia 1型口蹄疫病毒多抗原表位真核表达质粒pc-F构建成功,且能在BHK-21细胞中正确表达。     

溴氰菊酯在急性中毒大鼠体内的分布

目的建立溴氰菊酯灌胃急性中毒大鼠模型及生物样品中溴氰菊酯的气相色谱-电子捕获检测器法(gas chromatography-electron capture detector,GC-ECD),研究溴氰菊酯在急性中毒大鼠体内的分布特征,为溴氰菊酯中毒案件的法医学鉴定提供参考依据。方法不同剂量(512和1024mg/kg)溴氰菊酯灌胃染毒大鼠后1.5 h处死,迅速解剖取血液、心、肝、肺、肾、脑等,样品经无水硫酸钠研磨,混合溶剂[V(石油醚)∶V(丙酮)=4∶1]浸提,GC-ECD法定量检测溴氰菊酯含量。结果溴氰菊酯与内源性杂质分离良好,血液和肝中溴氰菊酯定量限分别为0.1μg/mL和0.1μg/g(S/N≥10),血液中溴氰菊酯的回收率为91.55%~134.37%,日内精密度和日间精密度均小于5.67%。溴氰菊酯在512 mg/kg剂量灌胃染毒大鼠体内分布为:肺肝心肾血液脑;在1 024 mg/kg剂量灌胃染毒大鼠体内分布为:肺血液心肾脑肝(P0.05)。结论本研究建立的溴氰菊酯GC-ECD检测方法灵敏度高。溴氰菊酯在体内的分布存在剂量依赖,血液、心、肝、肺、肾、脑可作为体内溴氰菊酯分析的良好检材。     

The Optimization of Electrophoresis on a Glass Microfluidic Chip and its Application in Forensic Science

Microfluidic chips offer significant speed, cost, and sensitivity advantages, but numerous parameters must be optimized to provide microchip electrophoresis detection. Experiments were conducted to study the factors, including sieving matrices (the concentration and type), surface modification, analysis temperature, and electric field strengths, which all impact the effectiveness of microchip electrophoresis detection of DNA samples. Our results showed that the best resolution for ssDNA was observed using 4.5% w/v (7 M urea) lab‐fabricated LPA gel, dynamic wall coating of the microchannel, electrophoresis temperatures between 55 and 60°C, and electrical fields between 350 and 450 V/cm on the microchip‐based capillary electrophoresis (μCE) system. One base‐pair resolution could be achieved in the 19‐cm‐length microchannel. Furthermore, both 9947A standard genomic DNA and DNA extracted from blood spots were demonstrated to be successfully separated with well‐resolved DNA peaks in 8 min. Therefore, the microchip electrophoresis system demonstrated good potential for rapid forensic DNA analysis.     

THE INNOVATION OF LAW: FROM CHINESE PERSPECTIVE

It is a new and meaningful research in discovering the impact of technology on law, and the reciprocal relationship between law and invention. This paper starts with a Chinese ancient tragedy to disclose the direct relationship between technology and law that was reflected in the play. It explains the “Needham Puzzle” that was engraved in Chinese law in discussion with the indirect impact of technology on law in the Chinese legal system. After that, the Chinese patent system is analyzed specifically to discover the law of innovation. It also discusses the impact of law on technology in the field of patent system.     

现代公益事业法人治理结构研究

公益事业单位既是中国事业单位集群的主体,也是分类改革后能够继续保留在国家事业序列内的唯一类型。现有公益事业单位虽然在职能目标上符合国家事业的要求,但在组织形态上还需要进一步转变成为"现代公益事业组织"。在法人自治基础上的科学管理是现代公益事业组织的基本要求和基本特征,公益事业单位内部治理模式改革的核心是构建与组织属性相符合的法人治理结构。公益事业单位由于其职能范围的广泛性、组织地位的独立性以及行为目标的公共性,适宜采用"理事会+执行负责人"的法人治理结构,同时还应建立一个由利益相关人广泛参与的共同治理架构。     

法医学研究中的伦理审查建设

法医学研究伦理审查既是法医学研究管理工作的内容,也是法医学研究的对象,本文针对法医学研究中的伦理审查问题,论述开展伦理审查的必要性,并对法医学研究伦理审查委员会建设指导原则进行探讨,呼吁开展伦理审查建设。     

临界点视阈下民法典继承编基本原则之建构

囿于我国现行继承法对基本原则表述的文本性缺失,学界对继承法基本原则的存在形式、内容取舍与条文表述等产生了巨大争议.在法典化态势下,继承编基本原则的建构事关法典形式理性、继承本体存在之证成与政治国家之预防.继承编基本原则的建构应以继承权本体为实质取舍标准,以“线性”逻辑进路为技术支撑,并辅之以继承法律制度的临界点为制度基准,以此在继承线性法律关系的动态化模型下形成“保护私有财产继承权”和“养老育幼”的二原则体系并贯穿于整个继承法律制度,从而在桥接民法基本原则之时形成私法体系内部的板块区分效应.     

The application of mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase II gene for the identification of forensically important blowflies in Western China

Blowflies found on human corpses are important for the estimation of the postmortem interval and other questions of forensic relevance. Some of these species are difficult to differentiate morphologically, and therefore a molecular method was elaborated for species identification. Here, we describe a molecular method for rapid identification of these insects. Specific insect DNA fragments were amplified using the polymerase chain reaction, followed by direct DNA sequencing of the amplification products. Analysis of the cytochrome oxidase II sequences revealed abundant phylogenetically informative nucleotide substitutions that could identify blowfly species to species group. In contrast, because of the low level of sequence divergence of sister species, the data could not distinguish among taxa from the same species group, ie, the species within the Lucilia sericata and Lucilia cuprina groups. The molecular data support the existing species group separation of the taxa within the Calliphora. Because of the speed and accuracy of current nucleotide sequencing technology and the abundant apomorphic substitutions available from mtDNA sequences, this approach enables quick identification of species used for estimation of postmortem interval.