论在政府绩效评估中引进多元评估主体

政府绩效评估中引进多元评估主体具有重大意义，它增加了公众和专家的参与，并能促使政府从传统的管制型政府向服务型、责任型和回应型政府的转变。目前的政府绩效评估虽然实行的也是多元评估主体体系，但存在着主体缺位和错位、独立性不够以及主体间的权重比例不够科学等问题。应该在评估主体中进一步增加公众和专家的评估比重，并由第三部门主导政府绩效评估工作，加强信息公开与透明，建立科学的绩效信息系统，以提高政府绩效评估的科学性和有效性。     

制度创新是加快农村经济发展的根本保障

加快农村经济发展是解决“三农”问题的核心,也是建设社会主义新农村的中心工作。当前,制度性、体制性制约已经成为影响农村经济发展的主要症结。因此,从现行的经济和社会管理体制、农村投融资体制、农村行政管理体制等方面切入,实现制度和机制创新已成为加快农村经济发展的根本措施。     

Sovereignty and its Presuppositions: Before 9/11 and After

Is the modern states system in terminal decline? Are we witnessing a great transformation in that regard? Are the events of 9/11 indicative of that? Or is state sovereignty evolving, yet again, in response to scientific, technological, economic and social changes – as it has done throughout the post-medieval era of its existence? That latter line of argument is put forward in this essay.     

高校毕业生就业市场拓展的探索与实践

高校毕业生就业工作是社会关注的热点,是高校人才培养和办学水平的综合体现。其工作质量和效果是检验和反馈学校教育教学质量的重要指标。随着我国高等教育改革的不断深化,高校毕业生的就业形势发生了极大的变化。近年来高校毕业生就业形势日趋严峻,毕业生就业工作中亦暴露出不少问题。对此,我们必须认真分析目前高校毕业生就业市场的现状以及用人单位的选人标准,以期为高校毕业生就业市场的开拓提供切实有效的措施。     

比例原则在我国行政法上的引入和应用

行政比例原则和行政合理性原则都是对行政自由裁量行为的控制,但二者仍有不同之处,比例原则包括三个子原则:适当性原则、必要性原则和狭义比例原则,其更具有操作性,比例原则引入我国,可应用于我国行政立法、行政执法和行政司法之中。     

Inexplicable wealth and illicit enrichment of public officials: A model draft that respects human rights in corruption cases

The employment of crimes of inexplicable wealth as an anti-corruption tool has been increasingly advocated in recent years. The United Nations Convention against Corruption calls for the creation of a crime of illicit enrichment. This paper seeks to evaluate the drafting of such crimes from human rights and criminal justice perspectives. The author considers the jurisprudence from the United States, Canada, United Kingdom and South Africa, as well as the European Court of Human Rights. The paper also evaluates the Hong Kong inexplicable wealth offence and subjects it to criticism in terms of the rights of defendants and the lack of clarity in drafting. The author concludes that there is no need for a specific crime of inexplicable wealth. A crime of corruption is perfectly adequate. All that is required is the use of a special rule of evidence which places the evidential burden upon the defendant. The use of a mandatory presumption of law is the most clear analytical method of drafting. This is consistent with human rights standards and common law jurisprudence. Finally, regulatory offences requiring proper financial record keeping and declarations of wealth should be created alongside the more serious corruption offence. These could impose strict liability. Wealth previously declared by public officials should not be presumed to be corrupt funds for the purposes of any corruption prosecution. This approach is consistent with the United Nations Convention Against Corruption and would represent an acceptable mode of implementing that treaty.     

Innovations and intellectual property: the case of genomic patenting.

In an effort to balance static and dynamic efficiency in the production and use of knowledge, societies institute intellectual property policies. In the United States, the patent system is a well-established mechanism to provide inventors with time-limited protection of new technologies in exchange for disclosure of information about their inventions. Emerging biotechnology, specifically the filing of patents on gene sequences, raises serious questions about whether the patent system is appropriately weighing societal costs and benefits in its grants of intellectual property protection. Gene sequences represent a hybrid case between discrete inventions and more general pieces of information that are useful for many, potentially very different, purposes. This information content in genes makes it possible for a patent on a gene to cover a wide range of possible technological applications and, as a result, be of unknown breadth when issued. This analysis explores the potential effect of these characteristics on future innovation in biotechnology. Copyright 2003 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management.