A Priori Voting Power: What Is It All About?

We explain the meaning of a priori voting power and outline how it is measured. We distinguish two intuitive notions as to what voting power means, leading to two approaches to measuring it. One conception, I-power, focuses on a voter's potential influence over the outcome of decisions by a voting body. The second conception, P-power, focuses on voters' payoff, their expected share of a fixed winning 'prize'. We discuss and rebut some philosophical and pragmatic objections, according to which a priori (as distinct from actual) voting power is worthless or inapplicable.     

加强地理标志法律保护必要性之法理思考

地理标志除与普通商标一样有一定的区别性外,还具有特定的品质表彰功能。由于地理标志自身具有重要的商业价值等原因,各国都十分注重对地理标志进行法律保护。而实践中现存的种种问题以及世贸组织的加入更强调了当前在我国加强地理标志法律保护的必要性。     

道义制衡观念的背景转换与现代应用

政治权力的制约是政治思想史上众多先哲们高度关注的问题。但是对于如何对政治权力进行制约,古代中国和西方的思想家们有了本质的分歧:中国古代思想家们根据"道高于君"的原则,采用道义制衡君主的绝对至上的政治权力,这种制衡的作用是或然性的,因而它从未根本的发挥过作用。从本质上说,道义制衡并不能真正对政治权力产生强制的约束力,但是它在某种程度上,某些条件下,可以对政治产生积极的协调和软制约作用。本文将尝试着论证当代中国政治权力制约的双重思路,并对传统制衡观念内容的转换和现代应用提出一些管见。     

Lip print enhancement: review

Lip print(LP)evidence can be an essential tool for human forensics.LPs have conventionally been developed using substances such as lysochrome dyes,fluorescent dyes,indigo dye,aluminium powder,and silver metallic powder.However,techniques for LP enhancement from various substrates are currently inconsistent and lack standardisation in practice.This review summarises current knowledge on the physical and chemical techniques of LP enhancement,identifies limitations,and provides suggestions for future research on practical applications of cheiloscopy as a forensic tool in criminal justice.     

万历朝鲜战争中的福兵与中朝交流——以游击将军许国威为中心

游击将军许国威率领福兵,于万历二十六年二月入朝参战,是万历朝鲜战争第二阶段东征明军的水师骨干力量.在朝鲜期间,许国威坚定支持面临弹劾的明军统帅杨镐,通过促使朝鲜上书陈情、联合明军将领上书等行动,产生了重要的政治影响.许国威将俞大猷系军队的军事技战术介绍到朝鲜,又将大量朝鲜文籍带回中国,推动了中朝的文化交流.朝鲜后期士人认为许国威是高丽士人金澍后裔的看法是一个"美丽的误会".     

论民族自治地方立法权在我国立法体制中的地位

作者从民族区域自治制度着手,阐析了民族自治地方立法权的内容及其与一般地方立法权的区别,进而指出民族自治地方立法权是我国立法体制的重要组成部分,是民族区域自治制度在立法体制上的反映,体现了我国立法体制的重大特色。