The Evolving Right to Travel: Saenz v. Roe

Although the 1996 federal welfare-reform law shifted more authorityfor welfare policy to the states-including authority to providelower benefits to new state-residents than to longer term residents-theU. S. Supreme Court's decision in Saenz v. Roe delineates alimit on that authority, namely, that states cannot discriminateagainst citizens based on their length of in-state residency.The Court's reliance on the Fourteenth Amendment's privilegesor immunities clause in Saenz, while surprising after its longdormancy, is not a departure from prior precedent. What remainsto be seen is whether states will attempt to avoid the decision'simplications by adopting new variations on residency laws, andwhether the revival of the privileges or immunities clause willlead to a rearticulalion of individual civil rights, based ona new understanding of national citizenship.     

SCUBA tank corrosion as a cause of death.

Corrosion of compressed air breathing tanks may result in dangerous oxygen depletion. In every SCUBA mishap the residual air should have, as one of the tests, a measurement of oxygen content. The tank should also have a visual inspection. All compressed air breathing tanks should have a routine visual inspection on a regular basis, even if the tank is made or lined with corrosion resistant material.     

Indigenous Migration Dynamics in the Ecuadorian Amazon: A Longitudinal and Hierarchical Analysis

Amazonian indigenous populations are approaching a critical stage in their history in which increasing education and market integration, rapid population growth and degradation of natural resources threaten the survival of their traditions and livelihoods. A topic that has hardly been touched upon in this context is migration and population mobility. We address this by analysing a unique longitudinal dataset from the Ecuadorian Amazon on the spatial mobility of five indigenous groups and mestizo co-residents. Analyses reveal traditional and new forms of population mobility and migrant selectivity, including gendered forms of marriage migration and rural-urban moves driven by education. These results illustrate a dynamic present and an uncertain future for indigenous populations in which rural, natural-resource-based lifeways may well be sustained but with increasing links to urban areas.     

A Realist Evaluation Approach to Understanding the Best Value Review Process

This article evaluates a sample of ten Best Value reviews (BVRs) using realist evaluation techniques. The underlying logic of the BVR process is taken from a reconstruction of the relationship between the review context, the mechanisms used in undertaking the review and outcomes achieved. This 'abstract configuration' is then used to map the actual processes driving the sample BVRs (the 'focused configurations') and variances explored. These variances suggest difficulties in diagnosing the root causes of service problems and selecting appropriate resolution mechanisms. Stakeholder pressure appears to be crucial in determining the focused configurations. The realist method enables the exploration of the precise intent of stakeholders. This capacity demonstrates the efficacy of a theory-based approach to understanding Best Value.     

The Centrality of Reciprocity to Communication and Democracy

“The Centrality of Reciprocity to Communication and Democracy” by Dianne Rucinski. Critical Studies in Mass Communication, 8, 2 (June 1991) 184–194.