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131.
The concept of materiality is attracting increasing attention in corporate sustainability reporting. This paper offers a preliminary examination of the extent to which the UK's leading retailers are currently addressing materiality in their sustainability reports and offers some wider reflections on the ways retailers are embracing materiality. The paper begins with a short discussion of the concept of materiality and on its determination and the paper draws its empirical material from the most recent sustainability reports posted on the Internet by the UK's top ten retailers. The findings reveal that there are significant variations in the extent to which the UK's leading retailers are embracing materiality and that there is no evidence of a sector specific approach to materiality within the UK retail community. More generally the authors argue that the methods currently being used to determine materiality are flawed and that retailers seem likely to continue to face challenges in looking to reconcile the relationships between executive management teams, investors and a wide range of stakeholders in operationalising the concept of materiality. The paper provides an accessible review of the extent to which the UK's leading retailers are currently embracing materiality as part of the sustainability reporting process and as such it will interest academics, students and practitioners interested in retailing and corporate sustainability. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
132.
A recent review article in the British Journal of Politics and International Relations made a number of criticisms about the supposed lack of innovation and theoretical rigour found in current British politics textbooks. Jones and Robins constructively engage the points made in the article and argue that the criticisms made are only partly valid. They conclude that, within the obvious confines of a basic text, there is more on offer to students than there has ever been and that the success of these textbooks provides publishers with the means to cross-subsidise minority interest scholarship. 相似文献
133.
134.
The empowerment of disputants is a fundamental concern of mediation research, but empowerment is difficult to measure. This study operationally defines empowerment in a divorce case as an agreed-upon modification of the Texas Standard Possession Order in the direction of granting more time with the child to the noncustodial parent. Using a cross-case analysis of mediated and nonmediated divorce cases, this study found that couples that participated in mediation were empowered, not disempowered, in the construction of their visitation arrangements. Implications for measuring empowerment, litigation, and legislative policy are discussed. 相似文献
135.
There is an abundance of research from cultural, critical and feminist criminology that has recognized media as a vehicle to propagate various forms of gender inequality and violence against women. Likewise, there has been extensive research on how childhood products and toys replicate the patriarchal construction of gender. However, these bodies of research have been relatively silent on how the commodification of culture is consumed and reified by the very population it oppresses (i.e. women). Here, we argue that violence against women is commodified and eagerly consumed in an age of neo-liberalism, legitimizing the patriarchal power structures that subordinate women. Our goal is to begin a discussion of female consumption of the commodification that gives consent and facilitates the patriarchal perpetual power system. Using examples from media and the consumer market, we hope to begin a broader discussion of how patriarchy, gender roles and inequality are reinforced through everyday banal consumption by both sexes. However, this banal consumption by females not only lends to the legitimization of the heteronormative patriarchal status quo but also makes them active participants in the continuation of inequality and power structures inherent within this patriarchal society. 相似文献
136.
Karen L. Amendola David Weisburd Edwin E. Hamilton Greg Jones Meghan Slipka 《Journal of Experimental Criminology》2011,7(4):407-442
Objectives
The objectives of this research were to test the impacts of three shift lengths (8-, 10-, and 12-hour) on performance, health, safety, quality of life, sleep, fatigue, alertness, off-duty employment, and overtime among police. 相似文献137.
To systematically review the worldwide evidence on the prevalence of domestic violence against women, to evaluate the quality
of studies, and to account for variation in prevalence between studies, using consistent definitions and explicit, rigorous
methods. Systematic review of prevalence studies on domestic violence against women. Literature searches of 6 databases were
undertaken for the period 1995 to 2006. Medline, Embase, Cinahl, ASSIA, ISI, and International Bibliography of the Social
Sciences were searched, supplemented by hand searching of the reference lists from studies retrieved and specialized interdisciplinary
journals on violence. A total of 134 studies in English on the prevalence of domestic violence against women, including women
aged 18 to 65 years, but excluding women with specific disabilities or diseases, containing primary, empirical research data,
were included in the systematic review. Studies were scored on eight pre-determined criteria and stratified according to the
total quality score. The majority of the sudies were conducted in North America (41%), followed by Europe (20%). 56% of studies
were population-based, and 17% were carried out either in primary or community health care settings. There was considerable
heterogeneity both between and within geographical locations, health care settings, and study quality The prevalence of lifetime
domestic violence varies from 1.9% in Washington, US, to 70% in Hispanic Latinas in Southeast US. Only 12% scored a maximum
of 8 on our quality criteria, with 27% studies scored 7, and 17% scored 6. The mean lifetime prevalence of all types of violence
was found to be highest in studies conducted in psychiatric and obstetric/gynecology clinics. Results of this review emphasize
that violence against women has reached epidemic proportions in many societies. Accurate measurement of the prevalence of
domestic violence remains problematic and further culturally sensitive research is required to develop more effective preventive
policies and programs. 相似文献
138.
Lisa M. Perez Jeremy Jones David R. Englert Daniel Sachau 《Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology》2010,25(2):113-124
This study examines the psychological impact of viewing disturbing media on investigators engaged in computer forensics work.
Twenty-eight federal law enforcement personnel who investigate Internet child pornography cases completed measures of secondary
traumatic stress disorder (STSD) and burnout. Substantial percentages of investigators reported poor psychological well-being.
Greater exposure to disturbing media was related to higher levels of STSD and cynicism. STSD and burnout scores were related
to increased protectiveness of family, reliance on co-workers, general distrust, and turnover intentions. On a positive note,
investigators scored high in professional efficacy, indicating they feel their work makes a difference. Furthermore, personnel
with supportive relationships scored lower on both STSD and burnout. 相似文献
139.
Over the course of the past two decades, there have been attempts by governments and the international political community
to limit the scope of immunity granted to heads of states. Nevertheless in recent years we have witnessed former heads of
state being brought to justice through ad hoc international criminal tribunals and the permanent International Criminal Court.
Yet, head of state immunity remains one of the leading points of contention in international law. The issue is further compounded
with the multiplicity of national systems that fall short of their duty to prosecute foreign heads of state if they have committed
heinous crimes, those considered jus cogens which constitute peremptory norms. As such, there is a need to examine immunity from prosecution by another state separately
from immunity from an international tribunal and/or court. This is especially the case given the problems of initiating ad
hoc tribunals and the limited abilities of the ICC, highlighting the need to ensure cooperation of states’ willingness and
ability to prosecute. In doing so, I draw from the infamous case of former President of Chile, Augusto Pinochet, and subsequent
attempts by national systems to hold accountable foreign heads of state. I conclude by suggesting that the optimism for ending
impunity is not only premature, but misguided given the realpolitik surrounding national progression for ending head of state
immunity and ensuring their legal obligations to prosecute. 相似文献
140.
Plastics including adhesive tapes, cable ties, and packaging are common evidence types encountered in forensic investigations and casework. Traditional examination techniques such as Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy lack specificity and are unable to discern differences within the same polymer structures leaving the analyst with a generic identification. High quality manufacturing methods further amplify the limitations in detecting variability between samples. Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry (IRMS) has been shown to be a valuable technique in further discriminating plastics. Discrimination is achieved by analysing the relative abundances of stable isotopes within a sample, with differences detected in isotope ratios possibly attributed to the source of raw materials and fractionation during the manufacturing process. A survey of cling wraps and re-sealable zipper storage bags collected in the Australian Capital Territory was undertaken to assess the variability in carbon and hydrogen isotope ratios of different brands and samples. The results of this research are discussed, particularly with respect to within and between brand trends, and a case study is presented as an example of the value of including IRMS in a casework context. 相似文献