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Engagement in school is crucial for academic success and school completion. Surprisingly little research has focused on the
relationship between student engagement and delinquency. This study examines whether engagement predicts subsequent school
and general misconduct among 4,890 inner-city Chicago elementary school students (mean age: 11 years and 4 months; 43.3% boys;
66.5% black; 28.8% Latino). To improve upon prior research in this area, we distinguish three types of engagement (emotional,
behavioral, and cognitive), examine whether the relationship between engagement and misconduct is bidirectional (misconduct
also impairs engagement), and control for possible common causes of low engagement and misconduct, including peer and family
relationships and relatively stable indicators of risk-proneness. Emotional and behavioral engagement predict decreases in
school and general delinquency. However, cognitive engagement is associated with increases in these outcomes. School and general
delinquency predict decreased engagement only in the cognitive domain. Suggestions for future research and implications for
policy are discussed. 相似文献
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Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
908.
Rose J. Spalding 《拉美政治与社会》2007,49(4):85-114
This article analyzes civil society participation in the free trade debate by focusing on networks that opposed the Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA) in El Salvador. Drawing on documents, direct observation, and semistructured interviews with civil society leaders, two kinds of opposition coalitions are identified. "Critic negotiators," emphasizing active engagement and policy research, used the limited participation space opened by authorities to push for reform. "Transgressive resisters," repudiating the formal consultation process, deployed confrontational tactics and posed more fundamental challenges. This work uses social movement theory to explore coalition resource mobilization, the role of movement entrepreneurs, strategic decisionmaking, mechanisms linking local and transnational activists, and the dynamics of intramovement competition. 相似文献
909.
Jeanette Taylor Irene J. Elkins Lisa Legrand Dawn Peuschold William G. Iacono 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2007,36(8):1048-1057
This study examined the construct validity of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) diagnosed in adolescence. Boys and girls
were grouped by history of DSM-III-R conduct disorder (CD) and ASPD: Controls (n=340) had neither diagnosis; CD Only (n=77) had CD by age 17 but no ASPD through age 20; Adolescent ASPD (n = 64) had ASPD by age 17. The Adolescent ASPD group was then compared to 20 young adult men who met criteria for ASPD (ASPD group). As expected, the Adolescent ASPD group had significantly more depression and substance use disorders, a greater performance>verbal IQ discrepancy, more deviant
peers, and poorer academic functioning than the CD Only group and Controls. The Adolescent ASPD and ASPD groups did not differ on most variables. Results support the construct validity of Adolescent ASPD and suggest that such a diagnosis could help identify adolescents at risk for persistent antisocial behavior.
Jeanette Taylor is an Assistant Professor at Florida State University. She received her Ph.D. in 1999 from the University
of Minnesota. Her research examines biological, cognitive, and environmental influences on personality disorders and substance
use disorders.
Irene J. Elkins is a Co-investigator at the Minnesota Center for Twin and Family Research. She received her Ph.D. in 1993
from the University of Kansas and is a member of the Society for Research on Psychopathology. Her major research interests
include the relationship of personality, ADHD, and antisocial behavior to substance abuse, as well as gene-environment interrelationships.
Lisa Legrand is a Research Associate with the Minnesota Center for Twin and Family Research at the University of Minnesota.
She received her Ph.D. in 2003 from the University of Minnesota. Her major research interests include gene-environment interplay
in the development of externalizing psychopathology.
Dawn Peuschold is a Senior Clinical Forensic Psychologist at the Hennepin Country District Court and an instructor at the
University of Minnesota. She completed a post-doctoral fellowship in forensic psychology at the University of Massachusetts
Medical School after receiving her Ph.D. in clinical psychology from the University of Minnesota. She is interested in risk
factors for reoffense in juveniles.
William G. Iacono is a Distinguished McKnight University Professor at the University of Minnesota, the institution from which
he received his Ph.D. in psychology. He conducts longitudinal studies of adolescent twins and adoptees aimed at understanding
the development of adult adjustment and mental health. 相似文献
910.
T.J. Pempel 《Asia-Pacific Review》2007,14(2):45-61
Over the last decade, essentially since the Asian crisis of 1997–98, the economic integration of Northeast Asia has been marked by three overarching trends. Economic relations have become: 1) more institutionalized; 2) more “Asian;” and 3) more China-centric. These macro-trends are demonstrated and analyzed in the paper. But by way of anticipation, numerous counter-cutting facts need also to be kept in mind. In essence, recent trends, notable as they are, have by no means reversed three counter-realities: 1) economic ties are still largely driven, less by governments and formal arrangements, than by corporations in search of profits and production efficiencies; 2) despite growing economic interdependence across Northeast Asia and between that sub-region and Southeast Asia, Japan, China and South Korea remain heavily linked to global, and particularly US, markets; and 3) though China is an ever important hub in Northeast Asian trade and investment, Japan remains by far the most powerful economic player in the region. 相似文献