Criminal Court-Ordered Psychiatric Evaluations:Does Gender Play a Role?

This study examines potential gender differences among defendants referred by criminal courts for psychiatric evaluations by analyzing demographic, clinical, and criminal history variables and evaluation findings. This study offers a large sample size of 718 females, as well as 3,627 males. Bivariate logistic regression and heterogeneity analyses were utilized to assess potential differences. Females were older; diagnosed more with mood, anxiety, and borderline personality disorders; less likely to have prior felony convictions; and more likely to be in the community than jail at the time of the evaluation. In addition, when controlling for other factors, females were more likely to be evaluated as having a mental disease or defect, to need hospitalization pending trial, and to be incompetent to stand trial.     

大湄公河次区域合作：复杂的合作机制和中国的参与

自90年代初由亚行牵头与澜沧江—湄公河沿岸的柬、中、老、缅、泰、越六国共同建立起大湄公河次区域经济合作机制,在国际上一般称为“大湄公河次区域合作”,即把“大湄公河”作为澜沧江(中国境内云南段)和湄公河(流经中南半岛段)的统称。大湄公河次区域合作开展以来,合作范围日趋扩大,机制也越来越多样复杂。本文拟对此作一个简要的分析,并提出中国及云南省的参与对策。     

Natural Resource Damages for Climate Change—An Idea Whose Time Is Not Yet Come,Part II: Climate Change NRD Claims—Get Coverage

Climate change litigation is in its infancy. As it matures, one type of suit that may emerge is a climate change-based natural resource damages (NRD) claim under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA). While it is unlikely that climate change-based NRD claims could succeed under current law, a policyholder sued for such claims should be entitled to a defense under its liability insurance policies. Against the backdrop of some recent climate change lawsuits, this article anticipates insurance industry arguments against coverage for climate change NRD claims, and examines counter arguments in favor of coverage for such claims.     

生态文明背景下的节约型校园构建

党的十七大首次把"生态文明"写进了政治报告,引起了社会各阶层的高度关注。高校作为社会先进文化的传播者、前沿科技的研究者,在贯彻落实生态文明重要思想的发展战略中理应成为排头兵。高校节约型校园的构建对于和谐社会的建设、高校资源的节约、生态文明思想的传播具有不可替代的作用。     

Examining the effects of paper type, pen type, writing pressure and angle of intersection on white and dark dominance in ESDA impressions of sequenced strokes--an application of the likelihood ratio

Questioned document casework can occasionally involve the sequencing of impressions. Although some conclusions can be drawn from looking at ESDA traces of intersections there is currently no way of assessing the strength of the observations made in any given case. Using a range of paper and pen types this work examines points of intersection and evaluates the results statistically in order judge the value of the results obtained.     

论《郁离子》商业文化中的政治寓义

《郁离子》是明初著名政治家、文学家刘基撰写的一部寓言故事集,其著书之目的,一如徐一夔在序中所言:"大概矫元室之蔽,有激而言也"。明示该书大多是政治性的寓言。在这些故事中,有不少篇章是以商人或商业活动作为引喻主体的,有对弄虚作假的商业悲剧与背信弃义的道德批判,也有对良莠不分的现实揭露与悔而不改者的人生忠告,更有对仗势欺民者的鞭挞。这些内容构成元代晚期一幅社会群丑图,也充分体现作者的政治理想与文学才华。唯其是商业文化的内容,所以具有一种独特的审美意义。     

Stability not change: Improving frontline employee motivation through organizational reform is harder than it looks

As evidence mounts about the positive effects of autonomous motivation such as public service motivation, there is a growing case for public organizations to design reforms to better support public employees’ inherent desire to help others. But how feasible is this in reality? Most experimental evidence on autonomous motivation stems from interventions at the individual level, possibly exaggerating what government reforms can achieve in reality. We present a longitudinal study that analyses a three-year trial in Danish hospitals in which incentives and autonomy were changed to encourage autonomous motivation. This set-up offers a rare opportunity to observe the potential malleability of intrinsic, public service, user and external motivation. The results show little observable change in motivation due to the reform. We explore the practical difficulties of translating evidence about motivation into reforms given implementation challenges, contextual factors and a recognition that motivation might be less malleable than implied by research.     

“Dieselgate:” How Different Approaches to Decentralization,the Role of NGOs,Tort Law and the Regulatory Process Affected Comparative U.S. and European Union Outcomes in the Biggest Scandal in Automotive History

ABSTRACT

The VW diesel emissions scandal (“dieselgate”) recounts how Volkswagen became ensnared in a self-inflicted and staggeringly costly cheating scandal that started in the U.S. and then spread to the European Union. This case study shows how fundamental differences in comparative public administration (CPA) between the U.S. and the European Union (EU) led to different consequences for one of the world’s largest and most highly-regarded European auto manufacturers with respect to four institutional variables: (a) approaches to decentralization, (b) the role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs), (c) civil (tort) law, and (d) regulatory environment.