Moral Rights,Judicial Review,and Democracy: A Response to Horacio Spector

Law and Philosophy -     

Das Projekt-Mechanismen-Gesetz – Eine erste und kritische Bewertung

Das im November 2005 in Kraft getretene und kürzlich punktuell ge?nderte Projekt-Mechanismen-Gesetz bildet die gesetzliche Grundlage für die Beteiligung der Bundesrepublik Deutschland an in- und ausl?ndischen Klimaschutzprojekten im Rahmen der projektbezogenen flexiblen Mechanismen des Kyoto-Protokolls. Mit ihm sollen Unternehmen aus dem In- und Ausland zur „Anmeldung“ ihrer Klimaschutzprojekte in Deutschland gewonnen werden. Sowohl die grunds?tzliche Verabschiedung des Gesetzes als auch die genannte Motivation sind zu begrü?en. Dennoch ist eine Reihe von ?nderungen weiterhin erforderlich.     

Umweltschutz und EG-Wettbewerbsfreiheit vor dem Hintergrund nachhaltiger Entwicklung

Der Konflikt zwischen Umweltschutz und Wettbewerbsfreiheit ist ein altes Thema, das aber st?ndig in Bewegung ist. Neue Aspekte ergeben sich aus dem beide Elemente verbindenden Grundsatz der nachhaltigen Entwicklung und den aktuellen Leitlinien der Kommission.     

Fraud: The Characteristic Crime of the Twenty-First Century

In the same way that larceny characterized much of twentieth century, fraud will likely characterize the twenty-first century. Larceny remains the most common oi all serious crimes, but fraud may overtake larceny as the crime of choice in the future, because of changes in our ownership, storage, and movement of property. Fraud involves purposely obtaining the property of another through deception, and its popularity as a crime of choice is growing. Entrusting property to the custody oi others, storing property at remote locations, and electronic movement of property are shown to be major changes in the way we treat property and increase opportunities for theft. The connection between fraud and many of the serious crimes of the twenty-first century are shown in the facts of recent cases. The motivation of thefl behind many frauds is also shown to be used to fund larger criminal objectives, such as illegal immigration and terrorism. The points of view expressed are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. Dr. Albanese is chief of the International Center at NIJ on leave from his position as professor of Government and Public Affairs at Virginia Commonwealth University.     

Who Do You Trust? Ethnicity and Trust in Bosnia and Herzegovina

This article examines the question of trust in Bosnia and Herzegovina with a special focus on the role of ethnicity. We find generalised trust to be low and declining in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Moreover, generalised trust is negatively affected by the degree of ethnic heterogeneity in the region. However, a further examination of trust reveals a more complex relationship between ethnicity and trust: people tend to show low levels of trust in all other people irrespective of their ethnic belongings. We argue that ethnic distribution might capture some other regional specific characteristics that also affect the level of trust.     

NO COMMUNITY IS AN ISLAND: THE EFFECTS OF RESOURCE DEPRIVATION ON URBAN VIOLENCE IN SPATIALLY AND SOCIALLY PROXIMATE COMMUNITIES*

The link between resource deprivation and urban violence has long been explored in criminological research. Studies, however, have largely ignored the potential for resource deprivation in particular communities to affect rates of violence in others. The relative inattention is notable because of the strong theoretical grounds to anticipate influences that extend both to geographically contiguous areas and to those that, though not contiguous, share similar social characteristics. We argue that such influences—what we term spatial and social proximity effects, respectively—constitute a central feature of community dynamics. To support this argument, we develop and test theoretically derived hypotheses about spatial and social proximity effects of resource deprivation on aggregated and disaggregated homicide counts. Our analyses indicate that local area resource deprivation contributes to violence in socially proximate communities, an effect that, in the case of instrumental homicides, is stronger when such communities are spatially proximate. We conclude by discussing the implications of our findings for theories focused on community‐level social processes and violence, and for policies aimed at reducing crime in disadvantaged areas.     

THE POTENTIAL OF THE FAMILY LAW EDUCATION REFORM PROJECT FOR FAMILY LAWYERS1

Family lawyers are major beneficiaries of the reforms set out in the Family Law Education Reform Project (FLER) Report. This commentary from a veteran family law practitioner explores the needs of the family law bar for the training of law students in practical, interdisciplinary, client‐centered lawyering that goes beyond the traditional case method. I trace many of the current innovations evolving in family law practice and how FLER reforms will not only benefit law schools but also have a major impact in the courts and private practice sector.     

Wasserrechtlicher Eigentümergebrauch und Rohstoffgewinnung

Mit der Einführung einer Entgeltpflicht für die Entnahme von Wasser in Nordrhein-Westfalen ist der erlaubnisfreie wasserrechtliche Eigentümergebrauch in den Mittelpunkt des Interesses gerückt. Denn wer Wasser im Rahmen des Eigentümergebrauchs aus einem oberirdischen Gewässer entnimmt, ist von dieser Entgeltpflicht befreit. Der folgende Beitrag erläutert die im Zusammenhang mit der Gewinnung nichtenergetischer Rohstoffe insoweit relevanten Fragen. * Die Verfasser sind, Mitarbeiter der Anders u.Thomé Rechtsanwaltsgesellschaft mbH in Krefeld