Sensitivity enhancement of ninhydrin-treated latent fingerprints by enzymes and metal salts

Lyophilized Sigma Type III trypsin has been applied to latent prints two weeks to two months old. This trypsin preparation eliminates the background problems that had been encountered with old prints in a previous study. Zinc chloride treatment of latent prints previously exposed to ninhydrin enhances their detectability upon laser examination. However, it has been reported that the zinc chloride reaction occasionally fails to occur. Accordingly, we have investigated the optimization of this reaction. We find that high humidity and elevated temperature, particularly the former, are needed. Cadmium nitrate, although it produces weaker fluorescence than zinc chloride, may at times be useful. Reaction conditions are much the same as those for zinc chloride.     

Diagnosis of sudden death in infants due to acute dehydration

When infants die suddenly of acute dehydration, clinical signs and autopsy findings may be equivocal or absent, and microbiologic cultures often are not helpful. Vitreous humor electrolyte and urea nitrogen concentrations were measured in 53 infants dying of gastrointestinal infections, sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), other infectious diseases, and miscellaneous causes to determine whether these parameters would assist in the recognition and confirmation of deaths resulting from dehydration. Significant differences were found when comparing the mean sodium and urea nitrogen levels of infants dying of gastrointestinal infections with those succumbing to SIDS or other causes. We recommend that these determinations be routinely performed whenever the gross autopsy findings are insufficient to explain the death.     

Police grantsmanship: A case study

Police leadership is increasingly dependent on community oriented policing (COPS) federal grants because of diminishing financial resources. This paper demonstrates the importance of excellent police grantsmanship skills while simultaneously providing theoretical and concrete steps for achieving a successful grant package. Furthermore, a case study example is presented where COPS grants and federal funding assisted in the acquisition of community-oriented and problem-solving strategic objectives.