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This study compares women of color and non-Hispanic White women regarding the influence of socioeconomic status, family investment, and psychological abuse on leaving a violent relationship. It was found that most women who left stayed away for less than a month. Women of color and non-Hispanic White women did not differ in their length or rate of leaving, although women of color left more frequently when they did leave. Factors associated with leaving for both groups were threat with a weapon, psychological abuse, being single, and having fewer adults in the household. Women of color with higher socioeconomic status were less likely to leave, which was not the case for non-Hispanic White women. Non-Hispanic White women were more likely to leave if they had lived with their partners less than 5 years and had children at home. 相似文献
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Nicola Lacey 《Criminal Law and Philosophy》2010,4(2):109-133
This paper puts the famous story of Jekyll and Hyde to work for a specific analytic purpose. The question of responsibility
for crime, complicated by the divided subjectivity implicit in Mr. Hyde’s appearance, and illuminated by Robert Louis Stevenson’s
grasp of contemporary psychiatric, evolutionary and medical thought as promising new technologies for effecting a distinction
between criminality and innocence, is key to the interest of the story. I argue that Jekyll and Hyde serves as a powerful
metaphor both for specifically late Victorian perplexities about criminality and criminal responsibility, and for more persistently
troubling questions about the legitimacy of and practical basis for criminalization. A close reading of the story illustrates
the complex mix of elements bearing on criminal responsibility-attribution, and—incidentally—helps to explain what is wrong
with the influential argument that, by the end of the nineteenth Century, attributions of responsibility in English criminal
law already rested primarily and unambiguously on factual findings about the defendant’s state of mind. Far from representing
the triumph of a practice of responsibility-attribution grounded in the assessment of whether the defendant’s capacities were
fully engaged, I argue that the terrain of mental derangement defences in late nineteenth Century England helps us to understand
that longer-standing patterns of moral evaluation of character remained central to the criminal process. And precisely because
‘character’ remained key to the institutional effort to distinguish criminality and innocence, the ‘terror’ of Stevenson’s
story resides in its questioning of whether either scientific knowledge or moral evaluation of character can provide a stable
basis for attributions of responsibility. In conclusion, I will also suggest that Stevenson’s tale can help us to make sense
of the resurgence of overtly ‘character-based’ practices of responsibility attribution in contemporary Britain and the United
States, which themselves reflect a renewed crisis of confidence in our ability to effect a ‘dissociation’ between criminality
and innocence. 相似文献
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Robert Lacey 《Public Budgeting & Finance》1990,10(2):45-59
Public enterprises have a substantial fiscal impact in developing countries. This has led to the enterprises impinging on the budgetary process of the government while public enterprises are burdened by budget policies and macroeconomic policies. Such difficulties may necessitate the restructuring of public enterprises, either through privatization or reform to make them more competitive with the private sector. 相似文献
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Paul A. Chase Lacey J. Hilliard G. John Geldhof Daniel J. A. Warren Richard M. Lerner 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2014,43(6):884-896
School engagement is an important theoretical and practical cornerstone to the promotion of academic accomplishments. This article used a tripartite—behavioral, emotional, and cognitive—model of school engagement to assess the relationship between school engagement and academic success among high school students, and to determine whether a reciprocal relationship exists between these constructs. Data were derived from 710 youth (69 % female) who took part in Waves 6 through 8 (Grades 10 through 12) of the 4-H study of positive youth development. Longitudinal confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the invariance of the tripartite model of school engagement. Results of a structural equation model showed that the components of school engagement and academic achievement were mutually predictive and that these predictions varied from grade to grade. Future possibilities for evaluating the relationship between school engagement and academic achievement, as well as the implications for educational policy and practice, are discussed. 相似文献
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Lacey J. Hilliard Edmond P. Bowers Kathleen N. Greenman Rachel M. Hershberg G. John Geldhof Samantha A. Glickman Jacqueline V. Lerner Richard M. Lerner 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2014,43(6):991-1003
Previous work on peer victimization has focused primarily on academic outcomes and negative indicators of youth involved in bullying. Few studies have taken a strength-based approach to examine attributes associated with bullies and victims of bullying. As such, we examined developmental trajectories of moral, performance, and civic character components, and their links to bully status using data from 713 youth (63 % female) who participated in Wave 3 (approximately Grade 7) through Wave 6 (approximately Grade 10) of the 4-H Study of Positive Youth Development. Latent growth curve analyses indicated that moral character was stable across waves, whereas civic character increased slightly by Wave 6. Trajectories for performance character varied; some youth alternatively displayed positive versus negative growth. Youth who reported bullying behavior reported lower initial levels of moral, performance, and civic character as compared to youth not involved in bullying. Bully–victims reported lower initial levels of moral and civic character as compared to youth not involved in bullying. Implications for future work examining character-related components in the context of peer victimization are discussed. 相似文献
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In this research project, nine small digital audio recorders were tested using five sets of 30‐min recordings at all available recording modes, with consistent audio material, identical source and microphone locations, and identical acoustic environments. The averaged direct current (DC) offset values and standard deviations were measured for 30‐sec and 1‐, 2‐, 3‐, 6‐, 10‐, 15‐, and 30‐min segments. The research found an inverse association between segment lengths and the standard deviation values and that lengths beyond 30 min may not meaningfully reduce the standard deviation values. This research supports previous studies indicating that measured averaged DC offsets should only be used for exclusionary purposes in authenticity analyses and exhibit consistent values when the general acoustic environment and microphone/recorder configurations were held constant. Measured average DC offset values from exemplar recorders may not be directly comparable to those of submitted digital audio recordings without exactly duplicating the acoustic environment and microphone/recorder configurations. 相似文献
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Joseph Lacey 《European Law Journal》2017,23(6):523-535
Given the increasing use of direct democratic devices on questions of European integration, this paper explores whether or not Member States may have good reason to agree on common regulations for popular votes of this nature. Conceiving of the European Union as a political system designed to serve the interests of states and citizens, it is argued that where direct votes have the potential to undermine the territorial, functional, normative or existential integrity of the EU, then states may have good reason to sacrifice a degree of national autonomy to adopt common regulations for certain uses of direct democracy. This leads to a case for democratic standardization across Member States when it comes to withdrawal, accession, Treaty ratification and opt‐in decisions. 相似文献
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