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941.
The utility of personality inventories for predicting successful police officer performance is an important issue in the law
enforcement employment selection process. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the incremental validity of the
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2), the Inwald Personality Inventory (IPI), and the Revised NEO Personality
Inventory (NEO PI-R) for predicting police academy performance of 79 recruits. Results indicate that each inventory contributes
significantly to prediction of academic performance in the academy, while only the NEO PI-R predicts physical performance.
The addition of the NEO PI-R to selection processes that already incorporate the MMPI-2 and IPI may be useful for enhancing
prediction of police officer performance. 相似文献
942.
Past research provides a fairly consistent portrait of the death penalty supporter. However, when offered an alternative to
death, such as life in prison without the possibility of parole (LWOP), support for the death penalty tends to diminish. Unfortunately,
very little is known about death penalty proponents who support the LWOP option. This study compares death penalty supporters
who favor the LWOP alternative with death penalty supporters who oppose this option. Income significantly influences LWOP
opinions. The implications of these results and suggestions for further research are discussed.
An earlier version of this paper was delivered at the 2003 Annual Meeting of the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences in Boston,
MA. 相似文献
943.
Women law enforcement officers from New Jersey and Pennsylvania participated in a self-administered anonymous survey. The
objective of this study was to capture the respondent’s attitudes toward work and ascertain their levels of job satisfaction
using Wharton and Barton’s (1991) job satisfaction scales. Their levels of job satisfaction were correlated with the proportion
of women in their respective departments. Using Kanter’s (1977) concept of tokenism, it was found that those women who made
up less than 15% of their department experienced less job satisfaction, greater levels of job-related depression, and lower
self-esteem than those women working in departments where their numbers comprised greater than 15% of their departmental sworn
personnel. 相似文献
944.
Presidential candidates regularly use crime issues to help win electoral support. Contrary to conventional wisdom, crime control
also became an issue in the 2000 presidential campaign. Despite decreasing crime rates, the debate was driven by public opinion.
Because the crime debate was fueled by perception rather than reality, it is argued that the symbolic nature of the debate
became important in providing reassurance to the American public. This finding points to the importance of symbolic rhetoric
by presidential candidates in appealing to voters and increasing public support. 相似文献
945.
Sustainable development has become a significant consideration in economic development and environment policy in China. Because
of its size, China’s sustainable development has global implications. The issue is further complicated by China’s growing
regional differences. Excessive regional disparties are obviously harmful to the interests of the less developed regions.
They are even more unpalatable in this socialist country which takes pride in reducing inequalities. Serious regional disparities
will bring along social and political instability, and may even generate demands for regional autonomy. This article first
attempts to analyze regional development in China in the context of sustainable development; and to examine the inter-relationships
among poverty relief, population growth, environment protection, natural endowment and regional differences in China. The
Chinese leadership in recent years has shown considerable commitment to accelerate the development of the central and western
regions to reduce regional disparities. Before 2010, however, the Chinese leadership can only aim to slow down the expansion
of regional disparities.
The authors would like to express their gratitude for a generous grant from the Pacific Cultural Foundation in Taiwan in support
of this research project.
He is also a vice-president of the Senior Professors’ Association of China. 相似文献
946.
947.
The analysis of trauma to the skeleton is an important aspect of forensic case work, but most pathology references devote limited attention to this topic. This paper describes various aspects of gunshot wounds, including entrance and exit patterns, angle and path, range of fire and velocity, and caliber of the bullet, based on observations of a series of known cases. Skeletal remains of 21 victims of gunshot wounds were studied. In most cases, there was documentation of the investigation, autopsy, and victim's identity. Each case was analyzed in terms of wound location, shape, size and exit/entry surface area ratio, beveling, and direction of shooting Skull entry wounds were most often round or oval. Unusual shapes were observed in bones like the mandible and mastoid process, but were also found to be triangular, nearly rectangular or irregular. Tunneling was observed in the mastoid process. The expected internal beveling was obvious in all but one skull. External beveling of an entry wound was only observed in one case (parietal bone). Exit wounds were roughly round, oval, square, and rectangular and were always more irregular than entry wounds. External beveling of exit wounds was observed in most vault bones, but there was none in the orbit, maxilla, greater wing of the sphenoid, temporal, or left occipital bone. Tangential gunshot wounds were seen in a mastoid process, zygomatic process, mandibular ramus and condyle, and occipital condyle. Most of the exit to entry surface area ratios (cm2) varied from 1.4 to 2.0. In four cases the ratio indicated that entrances were larger than exists. In conclusion, understanding of gunshot wound characteristics is an important matter to interpret distance, velocity, direction and sometimes caliber size. Assessment of this nature of gunshot wounds helps reconstruct events surrounding the death. 相似文献
948.
The extent of postmortem drug redistribution in a rat model. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The aim of this study was to investigate the postmortem redistribution of several drugs in a rat model and to examine if any of the pharmacological properties was related to the extent of this phenomenon. One of the following drugs: phenobarbital (phenobarbitone), acetaminophen (paracetamol), carbamazepine, codeine, verapamil, amphetamine, mianserin, trimeprazine (alimemazine) or chloroquine was administered together with nortriptyline orally to rats 90 min prior to sacrifice. Heart blood was sampled immediately before sacrifice and after 2 h postmortem, as it has previously been shown that this is sufficient time for postmortem concentration changes to occur in heart blood. Blood was also sampled from the clamped abdominal inferior vena cava (representing peripheral blood) and tissue samples were taken from lungs, myocardium, liver, kidney, thigh muscle, forebrain, and vitreous humor together with a specimen from the minced carcass. Drugs were analyzed by high performance liquid or gas chromatography. For phenobarbital, acetaminophen and carbamazepine the postmortem to antemortem blood drug concentration ratios were close to 1.0 and tissue concentrations were low. The postmortem to antemortem heart blood drug concentration ratio for chloroquine (6.9 +/- 1.5) was higher than for nortriptyline (3.5 +/- 0.3), and the remaining drugs (codeine, verapamil, amphetamine, mianserin, and trimeprazine) showed ratios of the same magnitude as nortriptyline. The postmortem to antemortem blood drug concentration ratios for both heart blood and blood from the vena cava and also the lung to antemortem blood drug concentration ratio were closely related to the apparent volume of distribution for the drugs studied (p < 0.001). Accordingly, an apparent volume of distribution of more than 3-4 L/kg is a good predictor that a drug is liable to undergo postmortem redistribution with significant increments in blood levels. The postmortem drug concentration in blood from vena cava was closely related to the antemortem blood level, confirming that among the postmortem samples, the peripheral blood sample was the most representative for the antemortem blood concentration. 相似文献
949.
A T Sch?fer 《Archiv für Kriminologie》1999,204(1-2):23-27
Guaraná is a product from the seeds of the Amazonian liana Paullinia cupana that is also cultivated since a couple of years. It is rich in caffeine and serves in Brasil for the production of stimulants, soft drinks, and sweets. In the drug scene it is sometimes trafficked as natural stimulant or drug surrogate. Microscopic examination shows the presence of starch and tannins and provides a simple, quick and cheap method to distinguish guaraná from drugs of abuse. 相似文献
950.
This paper examines the elected versus appointed commissioner dichotomy from a market value perspective. Previous empirical analysis tends to concentrate on rates rather than examining the impact on shareholders' wealth. We examine life insurance industry data during the period surrounding the passage of California's Proposition 103. The primary impact of the referendum on life insurers is to change the method of commissioner selection from appointment to popular vote. We find that this change significantly reduced the value of life insurers doing business in California. This result is consistent with the recent findings of Boyes and McDowell (1989) and Smartt (1994) using alternative evaluation procedures for firms in other regulated industries. This implies that the change to a popular election of commissioners either increases the level of risk and/or decreases the expected cash flows of regulated firms. 相似文献