Mothers in Cases of Incest in Turkey: Views and Experiences of Professionals

This paper aims to understand how professionals view non-offending mothers in cases of incest. Its data is based on a larger qualitative research project with 98 professionals in Turkey, including both frontline workers and those who join the process after the disclosure of abuse and are contacted professionally in incest cases. In spite of the differences in their views, the interviewed professionals have acknowledged the critical role of the mother in various phases of incest from disclosure of abuse to the treatment of the victim. However, they have also pointed out the insufficiencies and ambivalences of the mothers in terms of dealing properly with incest by underlining their economic and social vulnerability. The results reflected that the mothers need to be perceived in another light, understood better and empowered according to their needs to become vital partners within the support system combating incestuous abuse.     

Decentralization as a Post‐Conflict Stabilization Tool: The Case of Sierra Leone

Sierra Leone's experience with decentralization as a post‐conflict stabilization tool highlights both the value of making and keeping a promise to empower citizens through local government and the importance of fully implementing that promise over a longer time horizon. The emergence of the country from civil conflict into peace and stability is one of the greatest success stories of post‐conflict stabilization. Although the nation has enjoyed over a decade of peace (and peaceful transitions from party to party), many of the conditions that laid the groundwork for conflict remain, especially in rural areas, due to the partial implementation of the decentralization framework. Based on a post‐conflict perspective, we review the re‐emergence of local governments in Sierra Leone following the civil war, the institutional and legal framework within which they exist, and some of the remaining challenges the nation faces. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

刑法三元结构模式下被害人过错的认定与适用——以侵犯人身权利命案为视角

被害人过错是侵犯人身权利命案中的重要酌定情节.由于刑法二元结构模式存在许多问题,因此,十分有必要将犯罪人与国家的刑法二元结构模式转换到犯罪人、被害人和国家的刑法三元结构模式.应当明确界定被害人过错的范畴;被害人过错的标准,包括主体专属性、时间确定性、行为过错性、作用因果性、程度明显性;规范被害人过错的认定,保证和放宽适用的前提、扩大和规范适用的影响、完善和改进适用的依据.     

肾虚对恐惧记忆形成的影响及补肾方药调节作用的初步研究

目的 探讨肾虚对大鼠恐惧记忆形成的影响以及补肾方药的调节作用。方法 以4月龄SD青年大鼠为对照组，复制自然衰老与“房室不节”两种大鼠肾虚模型，采用条件刺激（conditioned stimulus，CS）+非条件刺激（unconditioned stimulus，US）联合刺激以及CS+US非联合刺激训练大鼠。肾虚各组大鼠给予0.06 g/kg淫羊藿总黄酮和2.025 g/kg龟鹿二仙膏灌胃，对各组大鼠进行僵住行为测试。结果 CS+US联合刺激能显著提高青年大鼠、肾虚大鼠平均僵住时间百分比（P<0.05）；肾虚大鼠僵住时间百分比明显增加（P<0.05），补肾方药能显著降低肾虚大鼠僵住时间百分比（P<0.05）。结论 肾虚能够增强由CS+US联合刺激产生的条件性恐惧记忆，补肾方药能够抑制肾虚大鼠恐惧记忆的形成。