Chapter 2: Pay Now So You Won't Pay Later: The Effectiveness of Prevention Programming in the Fight to Reduce Delinquency

Community-based delinquency prevention programs, designed to work with youth and families before they become involved with the official court process, are relatively rare. Likewise, few studies have been published concerninge valuative research on such programs. This article reviews some background on program concepts, describes the operations of the Oakland County Probate Court Youth Assistance casework services program, and reports the results of a comprehensive program evaluation project. The findings suggest that prevention programming is one effective strategy to aid in reducing the likelihood of more costly court interventions. Recommendations for program development are offered.     

归纳法在判例主义法律推理中的有效性与论证

法律推理既具有逻辑特性又具有法学特性,所以法律推理的有效性也应当分别通过逻辑视角与法学精神进行论证.判例主义法律推理融类比推理、归纳推理与演绎推理为一体,具有良好的自我检验功能.归纳推理在判例主义法律推理中占有重要地位,虽然归纳推理在逻辑上仅仅具有相对的有效性即具有"归纳问题",但在"归纳原理"的作用下至少能够保证推理结论的"概率真理性".