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191.
To develop and implement policy, lawmakers rely on the input from external experts and stakeholders. Public affairs professionals are responsible for monitoring the sociopolitical environment and responding to public policy proposals on behalf of firms and organizations. However, how public affairs operate intraorganizationally and develop information strategies is not clear nor consistent in the literature. The purpose was to explore how public affairs engage with internal stakeholders to leverage their knowledge for information strategies in responding to policymakers. Knowledge transfer served as a theoretical framework through a qualitative multiple case study of 3 not-for-profit healthcare delivery organizations. Primary data were collected using semistructured interviews from public affairs (n = 11) and healthcare professionals (n = 18) along with a review of organizational documents and public records. Patterns and themes emerged through cross-case synthesis, presented as a process-based model and theory. Public affairs structures and decision-making processes varied across cases indicating no coherent approach by practitioners. Intraorganizational engagement and knowledge transfer processes were managed both consistently and ad hoc, through informal and formal methods. Practitioner strategies and tactics were identified to facilitate internal interaction such as filtering policy issues and effective communication methods. Common institutional barriers were identified that made stakeholder engagement a challenge. This study provides insight into understanding how public affairs practice internally and supports the fundamental importance of linking knowledge into public policymaking. 相似文献
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Judith S. Gordon 《Journal of family violence》1996,11(4):315-329
This review of 12 studies examines both the types of community and professional services that abused women most frequently contact, and how useful and effective the women perceive those services to be. These studies show that police, social service agencies, clergy, crisis lines, physicians, psychotherapists, women's groups, and lawyers are the sources of assistance abused women most frequently contact. However, the studies reveal that some of these services are not necessarily perceived as very useful or effective. Women tend to contact different services depending on the type of abuse suffered. Abused women report that crisis lines, women's groups, social workers, psychotherapists, and physicians are helpful most of the time for all types of abuse, and that police officers, lawyers, and clergy are not helpful in most types of abuse. Results of this review suggest the need for education of professionals and community service providers in understanding needs of abused women. 相似文献
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Gordon A. Crews Ph.D. Reid H. Montgomery Ph.D. 《Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology》1996,11(1):13-18
A considerable amount of attention has been given by the media to the perceived increase in the amount of juvenile Satanic
involvement. However, there is very little evidence of a national epidemic of this type of criminal activity. This article
discusses the types of actual adolescent involvement seen in the United States as well as the various points of view on this
topic. It is hoped that this information will assist law enforcement in their understanding of this phenomenon and better
prepare them to handle it.
Dr. Gordon A. Crews is a member of the Criminal Justice faculty in the Social & Behavioral Sciences Department of Midlands Technical College
in Colombia, South Carolina, where he teaches courses in police administration, corrections, criminology and ethics. He earned
a Ph.D. in Elementary Education, a Graduate Certificate in Alcohol & Drug Studies and a Bachelor of Science and Masters degrees
in Criminal Justice from the University of South Carolina. His dissertation examined historical perspectives of school disturbance
in the United States. Prior to teaching, Dr. Crews worked in law enforcement as a bloodhound officer & trainer, field training
officer and criminal investigatior; in corrections as a training and accreditation manager; and in insurance fraud as an investigator.
His current research and academic interests include issues surrounding juvenile delinquency, school violence and juvenile
arbitration. He has most recently co-authored a textbook entitledFaces of Violence in America, published by Simon & Schuster.
Dr. Reid H. Montgomery, Jr., is an Associate Professor in the College of Criminal Justice at the University of South Carolina and co-author of five books.
He joined the USC faculty after service as a federal Probation officer with the U.S. District Court in Washington, D.C., under
Chief Judge John J. Sirica. Prior to graduate study, he served on active duty with the 3rd Infantry (Old Guard) at Ft. Meyer,
Virginia. He has a B.S., M.Ed., and Ph.D. from the University of South Carolina where his dissertation analyzed attitudes
leading to prison riots. Named in 1984 as Educator of the Year by the Southern Association of Criminal Justice Educators,
Dr. Montgomery has pursued post-doctoral study at George Washington University in Washington, D.C. 相似文献
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Cameron Gordon 《Public Budgeting & Finance》1998,18(3):54-71
This article critically evaluates the notions behind proposals to institute capital budgeting at the federal level. Four critical assumptions are found to be behind the contention that capital budgeting will improve federal investment policies: (1) an agreed-upon and accepted definition of a capital budget exists; (2) a capital budget "adds value" by improving the quality of information; (3) better information leads to better decisions; (4) better decisions lead to better actions. Each of these assumptions is evaluated using examples drawn from various levels of government and from the private sector. The general finding is that if these assumptions hold, then it is reasonable to expect that capital budgeting will lead to better programmatic decisions. Unfortunately, one or more of these assumptions usually does not hold and for this reason the case for federal capital budgeting is not very strong 相似文献
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The bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) outbreak in the United Kingdom is regarded as one of the worst public policy crises the British government has experienced during the postwar era. In material terms, it has led to the slaughter of 3.3 million cattle and estimated economic losses of £3.7 billion. In administrative terms, the crisis brought about the dissolution of the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. This article examines the istitutional context in which decisions about the scientific evidence on BSE were made. The authors argue that a centralized system in which government agencies control science for government is inherently vulnerable to alliances of experts and interest groups that undermine the credible assessment of public health and safety risks. Specific societal conditions may encourage risk-opportunistic behavior among policy makers that is conducive to delays and inaction until such time as the evidence of a health risk becomes overwhelming. 相似文献