雇主责任构成要件之研究

雇主责任为各国民法普遍承认,但我国《侵权责任法》中的规定还不够完善。雇主责任应包括过错与无过错责任,雇主责任的承担应以雇员的职务行为应当承担侵权责任为前提,要以直接侵权行为人与责任承担人之间存在劳动关系为前提。要求造成他人损害的行为是雇员从事雇佣活动的行为或者说是雇员的职务行为,这种职务行为有判断的标准,根据判断来制定雇主的职责。     

从团队建设看北京奥运志愿者的有效管理

奥运会是当今世界最盛大的社会文化现象,在其中扮演着重要角色的志愿者是奥林匹克运动的基石,是奥运会真正的形象大使.但在实际工作中,由于管理制度的不完善,使得志愿者在服务过程中出现了很多遗憾.在北京2008年奥运志愿者培训与管理工作中,团队组织构建具有重要的意义,能够加强志愿者之间的沟通,开展朋辈教育,完善激励和保留机制,促进志愿服务质量的提高.     

公诉环节风险评估预警机制的科学构建

公诉环节风险评估预警机制对于化解社会矛盾、维护稳定、促进和谐具有重要意义。公诉环节风险评估机制具有容纳冲突、预测风险等内在价值,通过明确和规范其适用程序、责任追究机制及完善内处部门协调联动机制、加强释法说理等工作可以构建科学、合理的公诉环节风险评估预警机制。     

吉林省农民增收问题实证研究——基于人力资源开发视角的思考

农民增收问题是"三农"问题的关键。有分析表明,吉林省农民收入中工资性收入和家庭经营二、三产业收入比重较低,因而着力提高农民的非农产业收入势在必行。农民素质的提高对其非农就业和非农收入增长具有显著的促进作用,为此,应大力开发农村人力资源,切实提高农村人力资本质量,以增强内生变量对农民增收的作用,从而形成农民增收的长效机制。     

宁夏融入丝绸之路经济带建设的战略选择——兼谈中阿共建丝绸之路经济带

＂丝绸之路经济带＂的战略构想,为宁夏建设成为丝绸之路经济带上的战略支点创造了历史机遇。宁夏要借助中阿共建丝绸之路经济带的契机,发挥中阿博览会的平台效应,坚持务实合作和人文交流,加快自身发展,增强宁夏对外开放的魅力和吸引力。     

论独立监管机构的经济法主体地位——以马克思主义社会权力机构学说为视角

早在19世纪中叶,马克思、恩格斯就已经预见到社会权力机构的兴起,这一预见已被中西方主要国家独立监管机构的产生与发展实践所证明。作为日益重要的经济管理主体,独立监管机构的公益代表性与权力合一性完全契合经济法主体特征的基本要求,亟需在经济法主体理论上对此作出回应。纳入独立监管机构考量后的经济法主体理论更加完善,可以明晰国家与政府在经济法主体类型上的差别,解释政府作为经济法主体和行政法主体在性质上的不同,并在一定程度上回答了社会中间层的经济法主体地位问题。基于独立监管机构的发展现状与趋势,经济法主体将呈现出"政府——独立监管机构——市场主体"互动模式。     

A 21‐Locus Autosomal SNP Multiplex and its Application in Forensic Science

To develop a cost‐effective technique for single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping and improve the efficiency to analyze degraded DNA, we have established a novel multiplex system including 21‐locus autosomal SNPs and amelogenin locus, which was based on allele‐specific amplification (ASA) and universal reporter primers (URP). The target amplicons for each of the 21 SNPs arranged from 63 base pair (bp) to 192 bp. The system was tested in 539 samples from three ethnic groups (Han, Mongolian, and Zhuang population) in China, and the total power of discrimination (TPD) and cumulative probability of exclusion (CPE) were more than 0.99999999 and 0.98, respectively. The system was further validated with forensic samples and full profiles could be achieved from degraded DNA and 63 case‐type samples. In summary, the multiplex system offers an effective technique for individual identification of forensic samples and is much more efficient in the analysis of degraded DNA compared with standard STR typing.     

GC Analysis of Black Gel Pen Ink Stored under Different Conditions

In many criminal and civil cases in China, the most commonly questioned documents are those written with gel pen ink. An important task for forensic document examiners is to identify whether two or more ink entries in one or more documents were written with the same ink type. The identification of the age of gel ink entries made poses an important and difficult problem for forensic document examiners. In this paper, the volatile components of gel ink were determined and the gel ink was classified by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector. Calibration curves were created to express the relationship between the content of volatile gel ink components and the age of gel ink entries stored under natural and UV‐induced aging conditions. The correspondence between the natural and UV‐induced aging conditions was also established. The experimental results showed that GC was useful in the analysis of black gel ink and applicable for determining the relative age of gel ink entries under certain conditions.     

高精度玻璃折射率测量仪的研制及应用

目的 研制一种测量任意形状和大小玻璃物证折射率的精密测量仪并将其应用于法庭科学领域.方法 利用玻璃折射率匹配法原理,通过温度的精确测量与控制、成像和图像处理技术,对非规则形状玻璃的折射率进行测量.结果 在传统玻璃折射率匹配测量技术的基础上,研制出一种高精度玻璃折射率测量的新设备,该折射率测量仪的分辨能力可达10-5数量级.结论 具有测量精度高、重复性好、操作简单快捷、与国外同类产品相比成本低廉等显著特点,在案件侦破中发挥了重要作用.