葛根和黄芩乙醇提取物体外抗乳腺癌实验研究

目的:考察葛根和黄芩乙醇提取物体外抗乳腺癌细胞增殖活性。方法:葛根及黄芩200,400,700,950 m l/L乙醇提取物作用于人乳腺癌MCF-7(ER )和MDA-MB-231(ER-)细胞,MTT法检测对细胞增殖的影响。结果:葛根950 m l/L乙醇提取物在100~800μg/m l剂量均能显著抑制人乳腺癌细胞增殖,700 m l/L乙醇提取物也显示了一定的抗肿瘤细胞生长活性,200,400 m l/L乙醇提取物未见明显的抑制乳腺癌细胞增殖作用;黄芩950,700 m l/L乙醇提取物在50~400μg/m l剂量均能显著抑制人乳腺癌细胞增殖,400 m l/L乙醇提取物也显示了一定的抗肿瘤细胞生长活性,而200 m l/L乙醇提取物未见明显的抑制肿瘤细胞增殖作用。结论:葛根和黄芩乙醇提取物有一定的抑制乳腺癌细胞增殖作用。     

股东有限责任排除适用与公司法人格否认辨析

股东有限责任排除适用与公司法人格否认,是最易为人们所混淆的法律概念。在诸多国内外的有关公司法人格否认理论的文章中,股东有限责任排除适用与公司法人格否认常常被混同,股东有限责任的排除适用通常被纳入公司法人格否认的范畴,甚至将二者等同。然而,在笔者看来,正如股东有限责任与公司法人格尽管存在着紧密的联系但二者是不同的法律概念一样,股东有限责任排除适用与公司法人格否认亦尽管存在着一定的联系但二者毕竟有实质的不同,将二者混淆甚至等同将导致理论和实践的混乱。本文通过相关案例对股东有限责任排除适用与公司法人格否认的关系进行辨析,之后归纳两者的关系。     

试论罪刑法定原则

本文从罪刑法定原则的内涵及价值取向入手,通过分析我国刑事立法在对罪刑法定原则技术设计上存在的若干问题,力求探讨实现罪刑法定原则价值的基本途径.     

The Frye hearing in Florida: an attempt to exclude scientific evidence

State Supreme Courts require a minimum threshold of reliability and acceptance in the scientific community for all medical and similar evidence to be admitted at trial. In Florida and some other states, the courts adhere to what is known as the Frye standard, whereas in most states and in Federal Courts, it is the so-called Daubert standard. The jurisdiction of the present case is Hillsborough County (Tampa), Florida. Forensic pathologists seldom, if ever, are requested to participate in such hearings, unlike their toxicological and basic science colleagues who are more involved in research methodology and technical procedures. The burden is on the proponent of the evidence to prove the general acceptance of both the underlying scientific principle of the test and procedures used to apply that principle to the facts of the case at hand. The trial judge has the sole discretion to determine this question and general acceptance must be established by a preponderance of the evidence. The authors describe in detail a hearing in a case in which they were all involved. One author (WQS) had researched and documented the original scientific methodology in the literature. The situation involved a car and tractor trailer crash with the two occupants of the car dying of multiple trauma, whereas the truck driver was not injured. Autopsy of the auto driver revealed multiple injuries with exsanguination, and only vitreous humor and liver tissue, but not blood, were tested for ethyl alcohol. The estate of the driver of the automobile brought suit against the owner of the trucking company for wrongful death. The plaintiff requested a Frye hearing to question the reliability of testing other body specimens to translate to probable blood alcohol level. The testimony, submitted documents, and eventual decision by the judge are discussed.     

Methamphetamine-related fatalities in forensic autopsy during 5 years in the southern half of Osaka city and surrounding areas

To outline the recent features of methamphetamine-related fatalities from the medico-legal point of view, a retrospective investigation of forensic autopsy cases involving methamphetamine during a 5-year period (1994-1998) in the southern half of Osaka city and surrounding areas (about 1.57 million population) was undertaken. Among 646 autopsy cases, methamphetamine was detected in 15 victims (nine males, six females; 16-71 years of age; most frequently in males in their thirties). Primary scenes of fatal events were concentrated in the middle of the city. About half of them were transferred from emergency medical centers (survival time, up to 30 h). The cause and manner of death were: methamphetamine poisoning (n=4), homicide (n=4), accidental falls and aspiration from drug abuse (n=4), fire death (n=1), myocardial infarction (n=1), and cerebral hemorrhage (n=1) under drug influence. Usually injection scars and fresh puncture sites were found. Blood methamphetamine concentrations were 2.29-17.05 micromol/dl in the fatal poisoning, 0. 44-3.80 micromol/dl in deaths from other extrinsic causes (trauma), and 1.35-2.17 micromol/dl in cardio- and cerebrovascular strokes. Common complications were cardiomyopathy, cerebral perivasculitis and liver cirrhosis/interstitial hepatitis. Fatal and nonfatal methamphetamine poisonings are separately dealt with by the administrative medical examiner's office and in emergency medical centers. Tightly cooperative approaches of clinical and medico-legal experts are required for the effective social and medical management of drug abuse.     

体外培养FBs损伤模型的建立及细胞免疫组化研究

首次应用培养人胎肺成纤维细胞 (FBs)损伤模型 ,体外研究创缘FBs合成细胞型纤维连接蛋白 (cellu larfibronectins,cFn)的变化与损伤时间的关系。结果表明 ,损伤使处于静息状态的融合FBs成为具有运动能力和增殖能力的活跃细胞。应用免疫组化ABC法结合图像分析技术 ,观察伤后不同时间创缘FBs内cFn的含量变化。伤后 1h ,可以检测到cFn有变化 ,且在伤后 6h内 ,cFn逐渐增多 ,其变化与损伤时间呈正相关。这对今后应用cFn与损伤时间推断的研究提供了科学依据 ,同时为法医学损伤时间研究开辟了新的途径。     

大鼠肝细胞DNA含量与早期死亡时间关系的图像分析研究

实验选择 15只大鼠 ,处死后 ,在 2 4h内 ,每隔 1h取肝组织块进行细胞学涂片、福尔马林液固定、Feul gen染色、自动图像分析仪测量、统计学处理数据。结果表明 ,肝细胞DNA含量在死后 2 4h内 ,随死亡时间的延长而较有规律的下降。其中积分光密度、平均光密度、异形指数是用来研究死亡 2 4h内肝细胞DNA降解规律 ,并准确推断死亡时间的较好指标。     

盗火的普罗米修斯还是可怜的甲壳虫——个人化写作现象批判

无可否认,刚开始的个人化写作具有革命性意义,但是当这种写作蔚然成风时,它逐渐脱离了个人的趣味,而演变成一个阶层的文学趣味,一种文学的意识形态霸权。回顾个人化写作的蜕变过程,我们发现,批判精神的丧失是个人化写作陷入窘境的根本原因。作家失去了信仰,失去了锐气,对生活没有切肤之痛,导致了创作的颓败。     

Development and evaluation of a standard method for the quantitative determination of elements in float glass samples by LA-ICP-MS

Forensic analysis of glass samples was performed in different laboratories within the NITE-CRIME (Natural Isotopes and Trace Elements in Criminalistics and Environmental Forensics) European Network, using a variety of Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) systems. The main objective of the interlaboratory tests was to cross-validate the different combinations of laser ablation systems with different ICP-MS instruments. A first study using widely available samples, such as the NIST SRM 610 and NIST SRM 612 reference glasses, led to deviations in the determined concentrations for trace elements amongst the laboratories up to 60%. Extensive discussion among the laboratories and the production of new glass reference standards (FGS 1 and FGS 2) established an improved analytical protocol, which was tested on a well-characterized float glass sample (FG 10-1 from the BKA Wiesbaden collection). Subsequently, interlaboratory tests produced improved results for nearly all elements with a deviation of < 10%, demonstrating that LA-ICP-MS can deliver absolute quantitative measurements on major, minor and trace elements in float glass samples for forensic and other purposes.