齐奥尔科夫斯基与全球学

俄罗斯自然科学家齐奥尔科夫斯基是宇航学的奠基人,他通过宇航学影响了我们每个人的生活。他的宇宙哲学内涵丰富,既包含了宗教、哲学内容,同时又为人类指出一条通往＂完善、美好未来＂之路——飞向宇宙,是关于整个人类未来的庞大计划。通常认为,齐氏在技术文明理想和准则基础上制订的庞大的改造地球、征服宇宙计划,预言了当今时髦的稳定发展的思想。但是,齐氏提出的改造地球计划是极度反生态的,而且试图通过人类的宇宙扩张解决全球问题,目前看来存在很多问题。因此,摆在人类面前的任务是寻找符合后工业时代的理想和价值的、能够解决人类面临的全球危机的途径。     

Measuring double consciousness among black law enforcement officers to understand the significant role of race in law enforcement occupational cultures

The current study correlates Merton's anomie theory and W. E. B. Dubois's double-consciousness theory to measure black law enforcement officers' reactions to occupational strain resulting from officers' ethnic-identification. Measuring levels of anomic behavior provides a scale for identifying levels of risk affecting the well-being of individual officers and organizations. Testing hierarchal regression models with a national sample of black state- and federal-level law enforcement officers (n = 84) reveals a presence of double consciousness as a significant predictor for levels of anomic behavior in law enforcement occupational cultures. It also further suggests that race remains a significant factor in law enforcement organizations and cultures, whereas many police executives would prefer to believe that race issues in policing are settled.