Small modern farmers: Neither peasants nor fully‐fledged capitalists?

This article discusses several previous attempts to theorise the so‐called capitalised family farm, and proposes an alternative approach to the subject. Petty capitalist production is posited as a category embracing all productive forms experiencing capital accumulation and worked by their owners with some hiring of additional labourers. The varied geneses, trajectories and performances of these productive forms are explained by means of a multiple determination in which market structures and forms of regulation play a significant role. The theoretical inquiry is briefly illustrated by historical data from five Venezuelan case studies.     

The regulation of political financing in Portugal

The regulation of political financing in Portugal has taken place through successive waves of reform since the adoption of the first decree which gave legal recognition to parties in 1974. The incremental nature of adjustments and the overall inefficacy of instruments adopted, often introduced without a clear understanding of the problems and opportunities for impropriety and corruption, can be interpreted as an attempt by the political class to anticipate the worst, that is, scandal and the threat this would represent to the normal performance of democracy. In spite of the legislators' increased knowledge about successes and failures of foreign regulatory experiences and the importation of instruments tested abroad, Portuguese regulatory efforts are shaped by specific lines of legal-historical development and the dominant attitudes of Portuguese society towards that sort of illegality.     

Why voters do not throw the rascals out?— A conceptual framework for analysing electoral punishment of corruption

One of the intriguing phenomena in democracy is the fact that politicians involved in, accused of or condemned for corruption in a court of law get re-elected by their constituents. In some cases, corruption does not seem to negatively affect the development of political careers. In this introductory article, we try to develop a multidimensional framework for analysing electoral punishment of corruption. First, we will look into various studies on electoral punishment and highlight their advancements and shortcomings. Then, we will propose a more dynamic account of electoral punishment of corruption that takes into account individual as well as macro level explanations. Finally, we will disaggregate these two analytical dimensions into various explanatory factors.     

Effectiveness of Single‐Nucleotide Polymorphisms to Investigate Cattle Rustling

Short tandem repeats (STR)s have been the eligible markers for forensic animal genetics, despite single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP)s became acceptable. The technology, the type, and amount of markers could limit the investigation in degraded forensic samples. The performance of a 32‐SNP panel genotyped through OpenArrays^TM (real‐time PCR based) was evaluated to resolve cattle‐specific forensic cases. DNA from different biological sources was used, including samples from an alleged instance of cattle rustling. SNPs and STRs performance and repeatability were compared. SNP call rate was variable among sample type (average = 80.18%), while forensic samples showed the lowest value (70.94%). The repeatability obtained (98.7%) supports the used technology. SNPs had better call rates than STRs in 12 of 20 casework samples, while forensic index values were similar for both panels. In conclusion, the 32‐SNPs used are as informative as the standard bovine STR battery and hence are suitable to resolve cattle rustling investigations.     

The Precarity of Feminisation

Despite women’s increasing participation in the labour market and attempts to transform the traditional gendered division of work, domestic and care work is still perceived as women’s terrain. This work continues to be invisible in terms of the organisation of production or productive value and domestic and care work continues to be unpaid or low paid. Taking domestic and care work as an expression of the feminisation of labour, this article will attempt to complicate this analysis by first exploring a queer critique of feminisation, and second, by situating feminisation within the context of the coloniality of power. Drawing on research conducted in Austria, Germany, Spain and the UK on the organisation of domestic work in private households, the article will conclude with some observations on the interconnectedness of feminisation, heteronormativity and the coloniality of power in the analysis of the expansion of precarity in the EU zone.     

Mediación y jurisdicción voluntaria en el marco de la modernización de la justicia. una aproximación a la legislación española

The legal maxim Justice delayed is justice denied, but is now a reality. People demanding agility and require a solution promptly and fairly close to its interests, it is fitting that in a world dominated by technology, legal and administrative bureaucracy around the delivery of justice to maintain a slow pace. At the international level seek ways of economic and prompt settlement of disputes in this way are promoted among various legal means, first voluntary jurisdiction otherwise the mediation, it is both streamline procedures, however the legal for each is different. The analysis of the article focuses on the legal experience and valuing Spanish first draft Voluntary Jurisdiction Act and the Act on civil and family mediation to establish its various functions in search of an agile and real justice.     

东亚区域间主义:理论与现实

作为国际治理结构的一部分,东亚的区域间主义在解决当代国际关系中日益增多的跨区域问题发挥了重要作用。本文从经验和理论层面对区域间主义的概念、形式进行了梳理,扩大了对东亚区域间主义的理论认识。通过相关理论分析,本文认为权力平衡、利益共享、地区身份建构等因素直接推动了东亚区域间主义的发展,但东亚区域间主义仍然处于考验之中,其发展还取决于诸多相关因素。     

高校辅导员自我建设内涵的思考

高辅导员的工作纷繁复杂,工作的对象——大学生的思想也是日趋复杂的。高校辅导员的自我建设是提高思想政治教育工作成效的应有内涵,其主要内容包括坚定理想信念,增强责任心和事业心,满怀激情爱心,完善知识体系,注重总结反思,创新工作方法。