The strategic inconsistency of Paretian liberalism

In this paper, the problem of the Paretian liberal is cast as a preference revelation game whose outcome function satisfies Gibbard's libertarian condition and strong Pareto optimality. Strategic consistency requires that the equilibrium of the game agree with the sincere outcome. It is shown that, whether viewed in a cooperative or non-cooperative context, the liberal social choice function is strategically inconsistent. This result suggests that, from a strategic standpoint, a different resolution of the liberal paradox is desirable.     

Institutional Impediments To Efficient Water Allocation

Current water institutions were developed for conditions of water penty rather than scarcity and are unable to allocate water resources efficiently under conditions such as those in the arid West. This paper reviews riparian, appropriation and correlative water law as well as existing admin- istrative rules governing water use in California and finds that all of these institutions violate norms of economic efficiency. The review suggests that decentralized water systems such as mutual irrigation companies with their appropriate laws are more flexible than centralized federal or state systems in promoting water movement to higher valued use. The paper concludes that institutional mechanisms which promote rather than inhibit water trades and transfers are more appropriate to arid areas and that these institutions will become increasingly popular as water becomes increasingly scarce.     

The accuracy of sex identification in European skeletal remains using the phenice characters

Three documented European skeletal series were examined to assess the accuracy and reliability of the pubic variables described by Phenice for correctly identifying the sex of adult human skeletal remains. The accuracy and objectivity of these variables, as reported by Phenice, Kelley, Sutherland and Suchey, and Lovell, could not be confirmed on this European material. In general, the subpubic concavity feature, when used alone, proved to be the most reliable variable for sex identification. In this study, the level of correct sex identification that could be achieved using the Phenice variables was shown to be significantly affected by the previous experience of the observer.     

Regulating on the run: the transformation of the crtc as a regulatory institution

Abstract: This article examines the transformation of the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (crtc) as a regulatory institution caught in the midst of massive technological change in the converging broadcasting and telecommunications industry. Focusing on the last decade, the article assesses institutional change in relation to five aspects central to current regulatory institutional analysis: 1) the contemporary nature of an independent regulator in relation to ministers, regulated interests and the public; 2) the characteristics of both quasi-judicial and quasi-political regulatory functions; 3) changing views of regulatory compliance; 4) changing relations between competition and other framework regulators; and 5) the internationalization of regulation both through international trade regimes and through the effects of globalization on regulated industries. The analysis shows that the crtc is being transformed as a regulatory institution but that it has not been as pared back as have some other federal regulators, nor have the changes gone as far or as fast as the telecommunications revolution would lead one to expect. Each of the five institutional features examined conveys part of the reasons for change, but they also show how institutional directions and trade-offs for the crtc do not all pull in the direction of deregulation and contraction. Sommaire: Cet article examine la transformation du crtc, en tant qu'institution de réglementation confrontée à une évolution technologique massive, à la croisée des chemins de l'industrie de la radio/télédiffusion et de l'industrie de la télécommunication. L'article, qui porte sur la derrière décennie, évalue son évolution en fonction de cinq aspects essentiels a I'analyse des organismes chargés de la réglementation: 1) la nature actuelle d'un organisme de réglementation indépendant par rapport aux ministres, aux intérêts réglementés et au public; 2) les caractéristiques des fonctions de réglementation quasi-judiciaires et quasi-politiques; 3) 1'évolution des points de vue concernant le respect de la réglementation; 4) l'évolution des relations entre les organismes chargés de réglementer la concurrence et ceux chargés d'autres activités, et 5) la mondialisation de la réglementation par les schémas de commerce international et par les effets de la globalisation sur les industries réglementées. L'analyse montre que le crtc subit des changements en tant qu'institution de réglementation, mais qu'il n'a pas fait l'objet d'autant de coupures que d'autres organismes fédéraux de réglementation, aussi le rythrne et la portée de son évolution restent inférieures à ce qu'on aurait prévu, compte tenu de la révolution des télécommunications. Chacune des cinq caractéristiques institutionnelles examinées précisent les raisons du changement, mais elles montrent aussi que toutes les orientations et tous les compromis institutionnels ne mènent pas néessairement vers la déréglementation et le rétrécissement du crtc.