Making the Strategic Partnership between Japan and Europe Work

EU-Japan cooperation on issues related to security includes efforts for eradicating terrorism, coordinating policy, and working together in crisis management operations. The EU and Japan share the same values and are societies based on democracy and the rule of law, and they have similar approaches to regional and global peace and stability. In 2015 the three focus areas are EU-Japan cooperation for global peace and stability, cooperation for contributing to addressing global challenges, and the promotion of the strategic partnership. This article suggests that bilateral cooperation between the EU and Japan will encourage multilateral commitment for global cooperation to resolve global problems.     

Criminal Behavior in Opioid‐Dependent Patients Before and During Maintenance Therapy: 6‐year Follow‐Up of a Nationally Representative Cohort Sample

Lifetime prevalence of opioid dependence is about 0.4% in western countries. Opioid‐dependent patients have high morbidity and mortality and a high risk of criminal behavior. Few studies have addressed the long‐term impact of opioid maintenance therapy on convictions and criminal behavior. The PREMOS study is a prospective, longitudinal, naturalistic clinical study of a nationally representative sample of 2694 opioid‐dependent patients to investigate convictions and criminal behavior at baseline and after 6 years of maintenance treatment. At follow‐up, 2284 patients still were eligible (84.7%). A comprehensive assessment including a patient and doctor questionnaire, and the EuropASI was completed at baseline and follow‐up. Data on criminality at follow‐up had been received for 1147 (70.6%) patients. A large number (84.5%) of them had been charged or convicted at any time before baseline assessment, most frequently with drug‐related offenses (66.8%), acquisitive crime (49.1%), or acts of violence (22.0%). Reported charges and convictions had declined to 17.9% for the last 12 months before follow‐up, which was also reflected by a significant decrease in the EuropASI subscore “legal problems” from 1.52 at baseline to 0.98 after 6 years. These data indicate a significant and clinically relevant reduction in criminal behavior in opioid‐dependent patients in long‐term maintenance treatment. Maintenance therapy is effective in the reduction in both narcotics‐related and acquisition crime.     

Literatur

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Daphné Josselin,William Wallace</Emphasis> (eds.): Non-state actors in world politics

Ohne Zusammenfassung

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Daphné Josselin, William Wallace (eds.): Non-state actors in world politics Hampshire/New York: Palgrave Publishers 2001, 294 S., Paperback ￡ 16,99 (€ 28,90)

     

Vertrag mit Schutzwirkung zugunsten Dritter im Bereich der öffentlichen Sozialverwaltung

Das Land Nieder?sterreich schlie?t mit Sozialeinrichtungen der freien Wohlfahrtspflege Vereinbarungen über die direkte Leistungserbringung an behinderte Personen. Die Sozialeinrichtungen haften aufgrund eines Vertrages mit Schutzwirkung zugunsten Dritter bei allf?lligen Fehlern in der t?glichen Betreuung. Die zwischen dem Land Nieder?sterreich und dem gesch?digten Pflegling bestehende ?ffentlich-rechtliche Sonderbeziehung schlie?t einen Anspruch des Pfleglings aus Vertrag mit Schutzwirkung zugunsten Dritter nicht aus.