论强制执行单行立法的若干问题——以《民事诉讼法》修订为背景

强制执行单行立法,是指将执行程序编从民事诉讼法中分离出来,单独制定强制执行法。这项工作的正式开展,始于中共中央[1999]11号文件,〔1〕该文件明确提出要加快执行立法。最高人民法院要抓紧起草强制执行法,尽早提请全国人大常委会审议。为此,全国人大常     

Sexsomnia – a forensic psychiatric challenge – a case report

In rare penal cases, a defendant makes a claim that he or she was asleep at the time of an alleged crime. This article discusses a case of alleged sexsomnia where a man claimed that he had been asleep during a sexual encounter (rape) with a woman. The question that often arises during an investigation and in court is how complex a behaviour is someone able to perform and still be asleep? To assist the court in answering this question, forensic psychiatric experts may be appointed. But the experts were not present during the act and must therefore consider each case on the basis of the available information and existing research. This paper provides a brief overview of the research regarding sexsomnia. It will also discuss what kind of information is important to elaborate in these cases in order to clarify the premises for the experts’ conclusions to the court.     

Preis der Fritz Thyssen Stiftung für sozialwissenschaftliche Aufsätze (Begründet durch Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Erwin K. Scheuch) Zeitschriftenjahrgang 2002

Mitteilungen und Berichte

Preis der Fritz Thyssen Stiftung für sozialwissenschaftliche Aufs?tze (Begründet durch Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Erwin K. Scheuch) Zeitschriftenjahrgang 2002     

Identification in forensic medicine--significance and proof value

Strictly speaking, identity in forensic identification can--if need be--be established by the evidence of living persons. Otherwise, the entire identity can only be determined by assessing the individual parts of the corpse, whereby the different characteristics of the objects of examination have a different probative force, according to the frequency of their occurrence. In skull identification, by taking soft tissue thickness into consideration, with the help of modern photographic or electronical super projection processes, so many (theoretical) points of comparison come to the fore, that, in most cases, identity is evident due to the numerous agreeable reference points, which are apparent in suitable, comparable material (photographs).     

Intravital acellular hemolysis of extravascular erythrocytes. An experimental contribution to the determination of wound age

The time-dependent acellular, destructive changes in erythrocytes was investigated in rabbits by subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, and subdural implantation of blood-filled diffusion chambers with 0.45 micron pores. The animals were killed at various intervals after implantation (7-24 h), and the erythrocytes in the capsules were examined by light and electron microscopy. The findings were quantified by counting 100 cells per preparation under the light microscope; changes in both matrix and membrane structure were recorded. Matrix changes and membrane variants were specified by electron microscopy. Time-dependent changes in erythrocyte matrix and membrane were established, which occurred at the various localizations in an identical sequence, but with different time intervals. The destructive changes were: an increase in loss of matrix, increase in membrane permeability, and decrease in membrane stability. The physiologic bases of and the conclusions for wound timing were discussed.     

Droit de l’Union Européenne et Médiation Linguistique

The Law of the European Union is multilingual and multijural. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the problems related to the use of several languages in the writing of European legal texts and to compare the interactions between law and language in the decision-making process at the executive and judicial levels. Finally, the study will focus on the contributions of translation as a linguistic mediation in the communication of the European message on the continent.     

The private value of patents by patent characteristics: evidence from Finland

I use renewal rates and fees to estimate the private value of Finnish patents by patent characteristic. I disaggregate the value estimations by applicant, patent breadth, and technology. Firm patents are 1.5 times more valuable than patents owned by individuals. This holds also when controlling for technology and breadth. There are large differences in values between technologies but in contrast to the usual assumption made in the theoretical literature, broader patents are not necessarily more valuable than narrower ones. Patent value is skewed and therefore the number of patents should be weighted by an index when measuring technological change. I construct this index for Finnish patents and find that renewing a patent one more year signals a 1.5 times more valuable patent.      

Der verfassungsrechtliche Anspruch auf Gewährleistung des Existenzminimums. (Teil 1)

Der Aufsatz behandelt die Frage nach dem verfassungsrechtlich garantierten Existenzminimum in Österreich, Deutschland und der Schweiz. Ausgehend von der Frage, ob überhaupt soziale Grundrechte in den drei Verfassungsordnungen normiert sind, wird jeweils ausführlich auf die Herleitung und Begründung sowie auf den konkreten Inhalt eines allenfalls existierenden Grundrechts auf Sicherung des Existenzminimums eingegangen. Neben den historischen Grundlagen und dogmatischen Weiterentwicklungen ist es vor allem die höchstrichterliche Rechtsprechung, die sowohl für Umfang als auch Ausformung des behandelten Grundrechts eine entscheidende Rolle spielt(e) und die deshalb besonders detailliert dargestellt wird.     

Empathy in a Citizen Deliberation Experiment

Despite increased scholarly attention, there is still limited knowledge on how empathy works in democratic deliberation. This article examines the role of empathy in citizen deliberation with the help of a deliberative experiment on immigration. First, a random sample of citizens was surveyed regarding their opinions on immigration. Based on their opinions, they were then divided into a permissive or a non‐permissive enclave, and randomly assigned into like‐minded or mixed‐opinion groups for deliberation. After deliberation, they were surveyed anew. The study analyzes: (a) empathy differences between permissive and non‐permissive participants; (b) changes in outgroup empathy toward immigrants as a result of deliberation; and (c) differences in prosocial behavior (i.e., donating to charity). The results show that the permissive respondents had more empathy, especially toward immigrants, than the non‐permissive respondents. Among participants, outgroup empathy increased during deliberation. Regarding prosocial behavior, the permissive participants donated more often to charity at the end of the experiment.     

新形势下的人民法院群众工作

一、问题的提出在党的十七届五中全会上,胡锦涛总书记深刻指出:高度重视群众工作,坚持人民主体地位,发挥人民首创精神,是由我们党的性质决定的,也是由我们党的根本宗旨决定的。群众是真正的英雄,是我们党的力量源泉和胜利之本。