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591.
Ernestine S. Gray J. Dean Lewis Mary Mentaberry Christine Bailey 《Juvenile & family court journal》1997,48(4):31-42
Officials from 48 states and the District of Columbia in 1994 accepted federal funding from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to help improve courts' handling of cases involving child abuse, neglect, foster care and adoption. Through a survey of participating states, members of the National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges have been analyzing common themes found in state Court Improvement of Foster Care and Adoption Projects. This article examines key survey results. 相似文献
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An attributional examination of retributive versus utilitarian philosophies of punishment 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Two basic goals of punishment—retribution and utility—and the means to those goals, including isolation, rehabilitation, and
the creation of fear, were first examined. The objectives of punishment were then related to attributions regarding the cause
of a transgression. It was documented that punishment goals are mediated by the expectancies and affects that are elicited
by causal beliefs. It also was argued that the purposes of punishment are more state-like than trait-like, for they change
as a function of the reason for a transgression. Data from three laboratory experiments, as well as a field study regarding
reactions to O. J. Simpson for his alleged crimes, were presented in support of the above beliefs. In addition, the morality
of retribution versus utilitarianism was discussed in the context of the caning of Michael Fay in Singapore. It is suggested
that rehabilitation may be the most moral of the punishment means. 相似文献
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The shaping of collective values through deliberative democracy: An empirical study from New York's North Country 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
David Pelletier Vivica Kraak Christine McCullum Ulla Uusitalo Robert Rich 《Policy Sciences》1999,32(2):103-131
Participatory planning and policy analysis has gained increasing attention in recent years because of its potential to improve the knowledge base for policy design (substantive benefits), increase the likelihood of stakeholder compliance and support (instrumental benefits), and strengthen the democratic legitimacy of public policies (normative benefits). Deliberation among stakeholders is considered essential for participatory policy analysis, representing a democratic process for clarifying the particular as well as the collective goals and values as well as the potential impacts of alternative policies. This study examines the effects of democratic deliberation on participants' viewpoints of the policy domain (the local food system), based on two-and-a-half day participatory planning events in each of six rural counties in northern New York. Participant viewpoints were assessed several weeks before and after these events, using Q methodology. The results reveal three major viewpoints, representing concerns for social justice, the viability of conventional agriculture, and the potential environmental and social externalities associated with conventional agriculture. The substance of these viewpoints remain unchanged before and after the deliberative events, but the salience of the conventional agriculture viewpoint increased and the salience of the social justice and alternative agriculture viewpoints decreased significantly, even among those participants who most clearly defined the latter two viewpoints. These findings, together with an analysis of the action agendas emerging from these planning events, suggest that local deliberative processes may produce outcomes that are neither fair nor efficient and that reflect the values and interests of certain stakeholders more than others, even in the absence of overt conflict. Moreover, it appears that such processes may cause some participants to alter their viewpoints in ways that appear contrary to their values and interests as expressed prior to the deliberative event. The implications for participatory policy analysis are explored. 相似文献
599.
ABSTRACT Indonesia is generally viewed as a moderate Muslim nation that episodically struggles with terrorism. Between 1981 and the end of 2016, Indonesia experienced 156 attacks from some 15 Islamist militant groups. However, the lineaments of popular support for Islamist militancy in Indonesia remain understudied. In this paper, we expand upon the existing literature on popular support for Islamist violence in Indonesia by replicating and extending the empirical framework for modeling the relationship between support for various conceptualizations of Shari’a and support for Islamist violence offered by Fair, Littman and Nugent (2018) for Pakistan and extended to Bangladesh by Fair, Hamza and Heller (2017). To do so, we conduct ordered logistical regression analysis of Pew survey data which includes information about respondents’ religious beliefs and practice as well as support for Islamist violence. We find considerable evidence that their framework is useful for understanding support for violence in Indonesia. 相似文献
600.