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Marie L. Griffin Ph.D 《American Journal of Criminal Justice》2006,30(2):209-226
Despite the increasingly punitive public policies of the past three decades and the concomitant ‘get tough’ rhetoric aimed
at reducing prison and jail amenities, little is known about inmates’ perceptions of punishment. Prison and jail administrators
often justify their efforts to increase the “pains of imprisonment” for incarcerated offenders on the basis of retribution
and deterrence, but these policies appear to be more symbolic than substantive in nature. Using interview data from 232 inmates
about to be released from a large county jail renown for its ‘get tough ’ policies, this study examined inmate perceptions
of their unusual conditions of confinement. Findings suggest that many of these policies were benign or even counterproductive
to the extent that they promoted a defiant response from offenders. 相似文献
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Griffin RC Moody H Penkman KE Fagan MJ Curtis N Collins MJ 《Journal of forensic sciences》2008,53(4):910-916
Aspartic acid racemization has been found to be an accurate measure of age at death for recent forensic material. This paper examines the practicality of using acid etching of the tooth surface to extract amino acids from the enamel for racemization analysis. By serial etching of the tooth and contamination of the teeth with bovine serum albumin prior to etching, the ability of etching to remove contamination was assessed. The destructiveness of the method was visualized and quantified using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). By bleaching the teeth and by deeper etching it was possible to obtain more consistent values. While etching had little effect on the enamel at the macroscale, it did have an impact at the microscale. The quantities of enamel removed varied depending upon the tooth morphology, but were not large. Acid etching of enamel thus appears to be a promising new method for extracting proteins for amino acid racemization age estimation noninvasively. 相似文献
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Rizvi SL Kaysen D Gutner CA Griffin MG Resick PA 《Journal of interpersonal violence》2008,23(6):853-868
This study examines peritraumatic (and posttrauma) responses in a sample of female crime victims who had been sexually or physically assaulted within the previous 2 months. Women were interviewed about their emotional and behavioral responses during the trauma and assessed for posttraumatic stress disorder and depression symptomatology. Results indicate that women experience a wide range of behavioral and emotional responses during a traumatic event and that these responses have implications for posttrauma adjustment. Women who experienced behaviors typical of a freeze response are more likely to have a greater degree of symptomatology after the assault. Peritraumatic emotions, other than fear, such as sadness, humiliation, and anger, also appear to be related to posttrauma depression symptoms. These findings highlight the necessity of exploring the full range of possible reactions during a trauma. 相似文献
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The impact of distributive and procedural justice on correctional staff job stress, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Correctional staff are the heart and soul of any correctional facility. While there was a significant body of research on the impact of the work environment on correctional staff, this study sought to expand that knowledge by examining the effects of distributive and procedural justice on correctional staff job stress, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment. Multivariate models were estimated. Both forms of organizational justice had negative effects on job stress and organizational commitment; however, only procedural justice, but not distributive justice, had a significant impact on job satisfaction. 相似文献
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Females who had been acquitted by reason of insanity (N=41), convicted of comparable offenses (N=41), and involuntarily hospitalized without criminal involvement (N=41) were matched for age and race. The psychiatric histories of the acquitted and civilly committed women were similar, and significantly more extensive than the convicted group. The acquitted women had been arrested significantly more often than the civilly committed women but less frequently than the convicted women. Total length of stay (hospitalization or imprisonment) reflected a similar pattern, with civilly commited women hospitalized for the shortest period, acauitted women an intermediate period, and convicted women the longest. Regression-based prediction of length of stay reflected a number of common predictors for the acquitted and convicted women, with offense type one of the most powerful for both groups. 相似文献
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Russell L. Griffin Ph.D. Gregory G. Davis M.D. Emily B. Levitan Sc.D. Paul A. MacLennan Ph.D. David T. Redden Ph.D. Gerald McGwin Jr. Ph.D. M.S. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2014,59(4):986-990
Research has reported that a strong risk factor for traumatic injury is having a previous injury (i.e., recidivism). To date, the only study examining the relationship between recidivism and homicide reported strong associations, but was limited by possible selection bias. The current matched case–control study utilized coroner's data from 2004 to 2008. Subjects were linked to trauma registry data to determine whether the person had a previous traumatic injury. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for the association between homicide and recidivism. Homicide risk was increased for those having a previous traumatic injury (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.09–2.99) or a previous intentional injury (OR 2.53, 95% CI 1.24–5.17). These results suggest an association between homicide and injury recidivism, and that trauma centers may be an effective setting for screening individuals for secondary prevention efforts of homicide through violence prevention programs. 相似文献