埃塞俄比亚职业资格证书体系的建设

埃塞俄比亚的职业技术教育与培训目前尚处于边改革、边建设的过程中,最终目标是建立一个以就业为导向,以需求为基础的有利于全国经济发展的职业技术教育与培训体系。改革的重点是职业资格证书体系,包括职业标准的开发、职业资格鉴定和职业资格证书。目前埃塞已建立50个职业标准,为企业和培训机构提供了统一的标准。但由于埃塞的职业资格证书体系尚处在建设和完善阶段,存在培训质量不高、认证体系不够灵活等问题。因此,进一步开发职业标准、加强师资队伍建设、完善课程体系、改善办学条件是埃塞职业资格证书体系建设今后要完成的主要任务。     

朝鲜核试验与六方会谈:评估与展望

2006年12月18日,六方会谈得以重启,但最后仍然无果而返.朝鲜半岛无核化到底能否实现?六方会谈是否还有进行下去的意义?核问题的发展趋势会使朝鲜半岛陷入何种动荡和危机升级的局面?我们又将如何应对?本文将以这些令人困扰的问题为切入点,对朝鲜和美国在核问题上的相关行动、意图及各要素之间的互动关系进行分析,就朝鲜核问题的发展态势做出大致的预测,进而为正确认识矛盾的症结和解决问题的难度、寻找缓和与控制危机的良策提供一些思路.     

NO COMMUNITY IS AN ISLAND: THE EFFECTS OF RESOURCE DEPRIVATION ON URBAN VIOLENCE IN SPATIALLY AND SOCIALLY PROXIMATE COMMUNITIES*

The link between resource deprivation and urban violence has long been explored in criminological research. Studies, however, have largely ignored the potential for resource deprivation in particular communities to affect rates of violence in others. The relative inattention is notable because of the strong theoretical grounds to anticipate influences that extend both to geographically contiguous areas and to those that, though not contiguous, share similar social characteristics. We argue that such influences—what we term spatial and social proximity effects, respectively—constitute a central feature of community dynamics. To support this argument, we develop and test theoretically derived hypotheses about spatial and social proximity effects of resource deprivation on aggregated and disaggregated homicide counts. Our analyses indicate that local area resource deprivation contributes to violence in socially proximate communities, an effect that, in the case of instrumental homicides, is stronger when such communities are spatially proximate. We conclude by discussing the implications of our findings for theories focused on community‐level social processes and violence, and for policies aimed at reducing crime in disadvantaged areas.     

THE POTENTIAL OF THE FAMILY LAW EDUCATION REFORM PROJECT FOR FAMILY LAWYERS1

Family lawyers are major beneficiaries of the reforms set out in the Family Law Education Reform Project (FLER) Report. This commentary from a veteran family law practitioner explores the needs of the family law bar for the training of law students in practical, interdisciplinary, client‐centered lawyering that goes beyond the traditional case method. I trace many of the current innovations evolving in family law practice and how FLER reforms will not only benefit law schools but also have a major impact in the courts and private practice sector.     

统一战线在构建社会主义和谐社会中的作用

党的十六届四中全会通过的<中共中央关于加强党的执政能力建议的决定>指出,要把不断提高构建社会主义和谐社会的能力作为加强党的执政能力建设的重要任务之一.所谓"社会主义和谐社会",就是指"全体人民各尽其能、各得其所而又和谐相处的社会".     

Long-term success in mediation

This article reports the results of a study of the antecedents of long-term success in community mediation. Seventy-three mediation sessions were recorded and content analyzed. The participants were interviewed at two points: immediately after mediation and 4 to 8 months later. No relationship was found between the quality of the agreements—i.e., the extent to which they solved immediate problems- and long-term success as measured by compliance, improved relations between the parties, and the absence of new problems. On the other hand, joint problem solving by the disputants was related to complainant perceptions of improved relations with the other party. Also respondent perceptions that the mediation had been fair and that all the problems had come out were related to all aspects of long-term success in the eyes of the complainant. The latter results support a procedural justice analysis of mediation and underline the importance of mediator attention to the respondent.     

Prolonged Armed Conflict and Diminished Deference to the Military: Lessons from Israel

We examine whether the level of deference shown by the Israeli Supreme Court to military decisions has changed over time by empirically analyzing the entire body of Supreme Court decisions in petitions against the military commander between 1990 and 2005. Setting forth a number of different factors that might generally affect the degree of deference to state agencies, we hypothesized that there would be a decrease in deference in the relationship between the Court and the military commander during the examined period. Our findings show that deference to the military commander has indeed diminished significantly. We argue that this is best explained by the continuation of the armed conflict (and its aftermath, namely, the routinization and increase in the number of petitions by the civilian population) and also—to some extent—by the rise of a substantive rule-of-law legal consciousness, central to which is the importance of human rights.     

美国约翰金刑事司法学院教育特色

约翰金刑事司法学院在短短40余年的发展历程中被称为“警界哈佛”，在建校之初是以警察科学为特色，仅为纽约警察局培养数百名学员的规模，目前已经发展为一个在校学员达12000余本科生，研究生2000余人，博士数百名的、具有国际水准的多学科并存的综合大学，为司法界提供有国际战略眼光的高级人才。学员来自全世界一百多个国家，在纽约教育界激烈的竞争中崭露头角，其独特办学特色和一些成功经验值得我国同行借鉴。