The extent of aspartic acid racemization in dentin: a possible method for a more accurate determination of age at death?

In the current study the objective was to find to what extent a reliable determination of age at death is made possible by establishing the degree of aspartic acid racemization in the dentin of teeth. The results of the investigation of 46 teeth are in agreement with the values found by other authors. The method presented makes a reproducible and accurate estimation of age possible. We intend to elaborate and improve this promising method for determination of age at death. The relevant points are presented here.     

简论《老子》生命本位主义的人生哲学

仅有5000字的《老子》一书中的人生哲学思想对后世产生了极为深远的影响,它大致涵盖重身轻物的生命至上思想、少私寡欲的人生价值取向、为而不争的基本人生态度和“出生入死”的超然生死观等方面。发掘《老子》的人生哲学思想,对构建社会主义和谐社会和提高人们的思想道德修养水平有积极的借鉴作用。     

WTO《政府采购协议》与我国政府采购制度的完善

我国已于2001年12月11日正式加入WTO,却并未在WTO<政府采购协议>上签字,故我们现在还不受该协议的约束.面对着世界经济全球化和市场一体化的趋势,中国加入<政府采购协议>并开放政府采购市场是迟早之事.在加入WTO<政府采购协议>之前,必须认真研究该协议的具体内容,并借鉴和吸收该协议缔约方的成功经验,以改革和完善我国现行的政府采购制度.     

西部发展中城市治安形势与治安工作探析

城市社会治安随着中国加入WTO和西部大开发的实施,出现了新情况、新问题。公安机关必须更新治安管理理念,调整治安管理模式。强化流动人口对城市的归属感;树立服务为先的治安管理新理念;建立城市社会治安联动机制;提高社会自我防范能力。     

周恩来科学主体思想略探

周恩来在长期领导我国科学工作的实践中 ,尤为重视科学主体地位的提高 ,提出一些重要思想。概括之有 :把握客观实际 ,强化主体意识 ;服从主体意志 ,营造主体环境 ;满足主体需要 ,实现主体全面发展 ;学习他人先进成果 ,提高主体自生能力 ;预见主体未来 ,把握主体趋势。这些思想务实、开放 ,充满辩证唯物主义气息 ,对今天的科学发展仍具有指导意义     

论转化型抢劫罪认定中的几个问题--关于刑法第269条的理解与适用

由于转化型抢劫罪的复杂性,理论和实践中对其认定和适用存在着很大的争议.针对就认定和适用该罪时经常遇到的几个重要的问题,探寻相应的解决途径十分必要.     

Restoring accountability in pretrial release: the Philadelphia pretrial release supervision experiments

As drug arrests and jail overcrowding added pressure to increase pretrial release in localities during the 1980s and 1990s, the need to manage a larger and higher-risk pretrial population of defendants awaiting adjudication in the community became a high priority for justice agencies. In the late 1990s Philadelphia officials sought to discover the ingredients of a successful supervision strategy through four interlinked field experiments to provide an empirical basis for a major reform of the pretrial release system. The results of the linked randomized experiments question common assumptions about “supervision,” its impact and effectiveness, about the underlying nature of the noncompliant defendant, and deterrence implications. The study emphasizes the importance of interpreting the findings in the context of implementation of the policy reform. Findings suggest that facilitative notification strategies wield little influence on defendant behavior and that deterrent aims are undermined by the system's failure to deliver consequences for defendant noncompliance during pretrial release. The most significant contribution of the article is its illustration of a major evidence-based policy reform undertaken by a major court system.     

THE FUTURE OF PORTUGUESE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND A NEW AGENDA FOR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION SCIENCES IN THE 21st CENTURY

This paper addresses the changing role of the Portuguese state, the present priority assigned to the process of reform and the new challenges to be overcome by public administration. Such processes are demanding a new agenda for education and research in public administration sciences, shifting from the public law paradigm to an interdisciplinary problem‐solving approach and giving special attention to 10 key areas of study, which we describe in the final section of the paper. It should be noted here that the opinions expressed in this paper do not necessarily reflect the position of their institutions.     

NETWORK REGULATION: THE MANY FACES OF ACCESS

Telecommunications regulation has experienced a fundamentalshift from rate regulation to increased reliance on compelledaccess, perhaps best exemplified by the Telecommunications Actof 1996's imposition of no fewer than four new access requirements.Unfortunately, each access requirement is governed by a separateset of rules for determining both the scope and the price ofaccess. The resulting ad hoc regime has created difficult definitionalproblems and opportunities for regulatory arbitrage. In thisarticle we propose a system inspired by the discipline of mathematicsknown as graph theory that integrates all of the different formsof access into a single analytical framework. This system separatesdifferent access regimes into five categories: (1) retail access,(2) wholesale access, (3) interconnection access, (4) platformaccess, and (5) unbundled access. It also provides insightsinto how each type of access complicates the already difficultproblems of network configuration and management and introducesinefficient biases into decisions about network capacity anddesign. The approach we propose also provides insights intothe transaction cost implications of the different types ofaccess. Drawing on the Coasean theory of the firm, our approachexamines the tradeoffs between internal governance costs andthe external transaction costs of providing access to offera theory of network boundaries. This framework shows how accessregulation distorts networks' natural boundaries and providesa basis for evaluating whether private ordering through marketswould lead to more efficient network design.     

网络中心信息安全研究

随着网络信息时代的到来，网络将成为一个无处不有无所不用的工具，而网络中心信息安全决定着整个网络系统的信息安全。本文阐述了网络中心信息安全的性能和网络中心信息安全应注意的一些问题和方法。