Re-reading the new regionalism: A sympathetic critique

This paper provides a sympathetic critique of the new regionalism—currently one of the leading debates taking place in English-speaking human geography. By unpacking the new regionalism from its dual origins in economic geography and political science, the paper engages with some of its inherent lines of weakness by: developing a critique arguing that it is inappropriate on the part of the new regionalism to neglect the role of the state in the resurgence of regions in the reconstituted capitalist space economy; exploring the accusation that the new regionalism has become enmeshed in multifaceted scalar politics and associated tangled policy hierarchies; and, arguing that, through policy-transfer programmes, path- dependency, social capital and soft institutionalism, the new regionalism has been constructed on inadequate foundations. Finally, in developing this sympathetic theoretical and methodological critique towards the new regionalism, this paper speculates on how new regionalists should actually go about ‘doing’ regional regulation.     

Transferring MSW Education to Practice: A Qualitative Study With Public Child Welfare Employees

This study used a qualitative analysis of survey data collected from public child welfare employees (n = 168) as they completed master's of social work courses in a weekend/hybrid program, to examine their perceptions of ability to apply classroom learning to practice. The program, which combined a focus on direct practice and management, was developed in partnership with the state's public child welfare agency, during a period of systemic change and case practice reform. Findings indicate that students readily transferred knowledge and skills to the workplace, albeit with some challenges. In particular, management courses appeared to provide an important framework in understanding the organizational context of practice.     

The use of children's religious ideas in their psychiatric evaluation

Children's religious ideas provide a source of projective material that can be relevant clinically in a child's psychiatric evaluation. Areas that are sometimes revealed include (1) information about the child's parental introjects; (2) level of superego formation; (3) level of defense formation; (4) areas that are most anxiety provoking for the child. This religious material is frequently ignored, but can be a particularly useful adjunct when the usual child-evaluative techniques do not reveal a complete picture.Her psychiatric training included an adult psychiatry residency at Massachusetts Mental Health Center, Boston, and a child psychiatry residency at McLean Hospital, Belmont. Presently a candidate in the psychoanalytic institute, and in private practice.Her psychiatric training included an adult psychiatry residency at Massachusetts Mental Health Center, Boston, and a child psychiatry residency at McLean Hospital, Belmont. She is also a candidate in the psychoanalytic institute and in private practice.     

Growing inequality in black wages in the 1980s and the emergence of an African-American middle class

Much recent scholarship and popular discussion posits a substantial movement of African-American households into the “middle class.” Yet over the course of the 1980s, the proportion of individual black wage-earners receiving “annualized” (work experience-adjusted) wages and salaries in excess of about $35,000—three times the poverty line—fell by 22 percent, even as the share of African-Americans earning below the poverty line increased by a fifth. This was true for all age groups, and even for persons within the black community who had completed four or more years of college. The growth of low wage employment was most pronounced for black men between the ages of 25 and 34, among whom the incidence of below-poverty-level employment doubled. Black women aged 35–54 experienced relatively greater progress than any other part of the African-American community, but their gains lagged far behind those of comparable white women. We speculate on possible explanations for these developments, on the basis of which a potential public policy agenda is examined.     

Media Exposure, Current and Future Body Ideals, and Disordered Eating Among Preadolescent Girls: A Longitudinal Panel Study

Internalization of the thin body ideal is considered by many to account for the relationship between media exposure and disordered eating among girls and young women, but almost all supporting research has employed adolescent and adult samples. Using longitudinal panel survey data collected from 257 preadolescent girls at 2 points in time 1 year apart, we tested relationships between self-reported television and magazine exposure at wave 1 and current (prepubescent) and future (postpubescent) body ideals and disordered eating at wave 2. Controlling age, race, perceived body size, and body ideals and disordered eating measured at wave 1, television viewing at wave 1 predicted increased disordered eating and a thinner postpubescent body ideal at wave 2. In contrast, none of the media variables predicted a thinner prepubescent body ideal at wave 2. These findings suggest that the thin-ideal internalization construct needs refinement to enhance its developmental sensitivity.

Reviews

Paul R. Gregory, Restructuring the Soviet Economic Bureaucracy. Soviet Interview Project Series. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990, xii+181 pp., £25.00, $37.50.

Thane Gustafson, Crisis Amid Plenty—The Politics of Energy under Brezhnev and Gorbachev. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1989, xxv+362 pp., $29.95.

John M. Kramer, The Energy Gap in Eastern Europe. Lexington: D. C. Heath, 1990, xiii+200 pp., $39.00.

William Moskoff, ed., Perestroika in the Countryside: Agricultural Reform in the Gorbachev Era. New York and London: M. E. Sharpe Inc., 1990, xii+135 pp.

Wlodzimierz Bras & Kazimierz Laski, From Marx to Market. Socialism in Search of an Economic System. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990, 177 pp.

B. P. Kurashvili, Strana na rasput'e. (Poteri i perspektivy perestroiki). Moscow: Yuridicheskaya literature, 1990, 176 pp., 60K.

Lajos Héthy, Mária Ladó & John E. M. Thirkell, eds, New Collective Forms of Work Organisation in Eastern Europe. Budapest: Institute of Labour Research, 1989, 210 pp.

Michael Kraus & Ronald D. Leibowicz, Perestroika and East‐West Economic Relations: Prospects for the 1990s. Geonomics Institute for International Economic Advancement Studies. New York: New York University Press, x+357 pp., $44.00.

George E. Hudson, ed., Soviet National Security Policy under Perestroika. London: Unwin Hyman, 1990, xv+343 pp., £38.00 h/b, £14.95 p/b.

Christoph Bluth, New Thinking in Soviet Military Policy. London: Pinter Publishers, 1990, viii+118 pp., £19.50 h/b, £7.95 p/b.

David E. Albright, Vanguard Parties and Revolutionary Change in the Third World: Soviet Perspectives and Their Implications. Institute of International Studies, University of California, Berkeley: Policy Papers in International Affairs, No. 38, 1990, 126 pp., $9.50 p/b.

George Ginsburgs, ed., Soviet Administrative Law: Theory and Policy. Law in Eastern Europe, No. 40, issued by the Documentation Office for East European Law, University of Leiden. General Editor: F. J. M. Feldbrugge, Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1989, 516 pp., £92.50.

Albert J. Schmidt, ed., The Impact of Perestroika on Soviet Law. Law in Eastern Europe, No. 41, issued by the Documentation Office for East European Law, University of Leiden. General Editor: F. J. M. Feldbrugge, Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1990, 558 pp., £117.00.

Lynn Mally, Culture of the Future. The Proletkult Movement in Revolutionary Russia. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1990, xxix+306 pp., $37.50.

Hans Günther, ed., The Culture of the Stalin Period. London: Macmillan, 1990, xxi+291 pp., £47.50.

George Sanford, ed. and trans., The Solidarity Congress, 1981: The Great Debate. London: Macmillan, 1990, x+270 pp., £40.00.

Ronald I. Kowalski, The Bolshevik Party in Conflict. London: Macmillan, 1991, x+244 pp., £35.00.     

Privatization in British Columbia: lessons from the sale of government laboratories

Abstract: Among the more controversial privatizations that the Province of British Columbia announced in March 1987 were the sale of the soil, dairy and environmental laboratories. The last two performed testing to monitor private firms' compliance with provincial health and environmental regulations. A review of the three transactions offers lessons concerning both the process of privatization in British Columbia and the limits to privatization by contracting-out. Privatization of elements of government regulatory functions presents three problems: first, private sector contractors may be subject to conflict of interest; secondly, complex and costly contract-monitoring arrangements may be required to ensure the quality of work performed by contractors; and finally, failure of the contractual arrangements will have implications beyond the contract itself, ultimately affecting the government's ability to achieve its regulatory objectives. A striking feature of the privatization process was the inducements offered to government employees to get them to become private-sector contractors. The province even accepted uncompetitive bids from employee groups, contradicting its own primary objective of privatization, to increase efficiency based on competition. The case studies also demonstrate that transaction and transition costs of privatization may be substantial, particularly for small operations. Sommaire: L'une des privatisations les plus controversées annoncées par la Colombie-Britannique en mars 1987 fut la vente des laboratoires d'analyse des sols, des produits laitiers et de I'environnement. Il incombait aux deux derniers de ces établissements de procéder à des tests dans les entreprises privées pour s'assurer que les réglenients provinciaux sur la santé et l'environnement y étaient respectés. L'étude de ces trois transactions est révélatrice du processus de privatisation en Colombie-Britannique et des contraintes pouvant résulter de la sous-traitance. La privatisation de certains éléments de la fonction gouvernementale de réglementation présente trois probèmes: premièrement, les entrepreneurs du secteur privé peuvent se trouver en situation de conflit d'intérêt; deuxièmement, des dispositions complexes et coûteuses de surveillance des contrats peuvent s'avtrer nécessaires pour vérifier la qualité des travaux effectués par les entrepreneurs; et finalement, le manquement aux dispositions du contrat a des répercussions qui touchent non seulement celui-ci, mais nuit également à la capacité du gouvernement d'atteindre ses objectifs de réglementation. Un fait étonnant a accompagné le processus de privatisation: les employés du gouvernement ont t été invités à devenir des entrepreneurs privés. La province a même accepté des offres non concurrentielles de groupes d'employés, contredisant ainsi l'objectif premier de la privatisation, soit accroitre l'efficacité par la concurrence. En outre, les études de cas montrent que les coûts de transaction et de transition de la privatisation peuvent être considérables, surtout pour des opérations de petite emergure.     

Reviews

Janos Kornai, Highways and Byways. Studies on Reform and Post‐Communist Transition. Cambridge, MA and London: MIT Press, 1995, xv + 241 pp., £26.95

Ha‐Joon Chang & Peter Nolan (eds), The Transformation of the Communist Economies: Against the Mainstream. Basingstoke and London: Macmillan, 1995, xii, + 438 pp., £47.50.

Paul Cook & Frederick Nixson (eds), The Move to the Market?: Trade and Industry Policy Reform in Transitional Economies. London: Macmillan, 1995, xvi + 280 pp., £45.00.

Tom Gallagher, Romania after Ceausescu. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1995, viii + 267 pp., £16.95.

Carol Barner‐Barry & Cynthia A. Hody, The Politics of Change. The Transformation of the Former Soviet Union. New York: St Martin's Press, 1995, xi + 371 pp., £14.99.

Daniel Orlovsky (ed.), Beyond Soviet Studies. Washington: The Woodrow Wilson Center Press, 1995, xi + 349 pp., £20.50.

Aleksandr Gurov, Krasnaya Mafiya, Moscow: Samotsvet, 1995, 328 pp., no price.

Beatrice F. Manz (ed.), Central Asia in Historical Perspective. Boulder and Oxford: Westview Press, 1994, x + 245 pp., £40.95.

H. B. Paksoy (ed.), Central Asia Reader—The Rediscovery of History. Armonk and London: M. E. Sharpe, 1994, ix + 206 pp., $60.00 h/b $21.95 p/b.

Peter Ferdinand (ed.), The New States of Central Asia and Their Neighbours. New York: Council on Foreign Relations Press, for The Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1994, 120 pp., $14.95.

Michael Mandelbaum (ed.), Central Asia and the World—Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Turkmenistan. New York: Council on Foreign Relations Press, 1994, 251 pp., $16.95

Stephen Kotkin & David Wolff (eds), Rediscovering Russia in Asia: Siberia and the Russian Far East. Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe, 1995, xxiii + 356 pp., $65.00 h/b, $24.95 p/b.

Suzanne Goldenberg, Pride of Small Nations: The Caucasus and Post‐Soviet Disorder. London: Zed Books, 1994., xvi + 233 pp., £14.95.

Levon Chorbajian, Patrick Donabedian & Claude Mutafian, The Caucasian Knot: The History and Geo‐politics of Nagorno‐Karabagh. London: Zed Books, 1994, xxi + 198 pp., £14.95.

Shireen T. Hunter, The Transcaucasus in Transition. Nation‐building and Conflict. Washington, DC: The Center for Strategic and International Studies, 1994, xiii + 223 pp., $19.95.

Edward Allworth (ed.), Muslim Communities Reemerge. Historical Perspective on Nationality, Politics and Opposition in the Former Soviet Union and Yugoslavia, trans. Caroline Sawyer. Durham & London: Duke University Press, 1994, xii + 365 pp., £57.00 h/b, £23.50 p/b.

S. Frederick Starr (ed.), The Legacy of History in Russia and the New States of Eurasia. Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe, 1994, xiii + 313 pp., $22.95.

Vladimir Shlapentokh, Munir Sendich & Emil Payin (eds), The New Russian Diaspora: Russian Minorities in the Former Soviet Republics. London: M. E. Sharpe, 1994, xxv + 221 pp., £48.00 h/b, £19.00 p/b.

Michael Rywkin, Moscow's Lost Empire. New York & London: Armonk, M. E. Sharpe, 1994, xiii + 214 pp., £40.00 h/b, £16.00 p/b.

Tobias R. Philibin III, The Lure of Neptune. German‐Soviet Naval Collaboration and Ambitions, 1919–1941. University of South Carolina, 1994, xxi + 192 pp., $34.95.

Yu. L. Dyakov & T. S. Bushueva, The Red Army and the Wehrmacht. How the Soviets Militarised Germany, 1922–1933, and Paved the Way for Fascism. New York: Prometheus Books 1995, 348 pp., £21.00.

Iosif Stalin v ob"yatiyakh sem'i: iz lichnogo arkhiva (Sbornik dokumentov), compiled by Yu. G. Murin, edited by V. N. Denisov. Moscow: Rodina, 1993, 222 pp., no price.

Donald Rayfield, The Literature of Georgia. A History. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994, xvi + 360 pp., £35.00.

Susan Layton, Russian Literature and Empire: Conquest of the Caucasus from Pushkin to Tolstoy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994, xiii + 354 pp., £40.00.

Arto Luukkanen, The Party of Unbelief: The Religious Policy of the Bolshevik Party 1917–1929. Helsinki; Studia Historica 48, 1994, 274 pp., no price.

John Fennell, A History of the Russian Church to 1448. London: Longman, 266 pp., £12.99.