论金融创新风险及其法律监管理念——以当前世界金融海啸为背景

金融创新是金融市场发展的重要动力,金融创新风险则是伴随金融创新过程的产物。对于金融创新风险的监管,其切入点和归宿都在于金融法律监管,而金融法律监管理念的更新是建立科学、完善法律监管机制的基础。从金融创新历史和金融法律监管理念演变出发,通过对其变更脉络的梳理,结合当前国内外金融市场实际情况,可以得出,在金融创新风险的法律监管理念上,我们应当始终秉持以金融安全优先,充分创新与有效监管相结合的理念。     

再论法律职业化与法律职业共同体

随着法律职业化进程的推进,我国现阶段基本形成了法律职业阶层,但并未出现一个法律职业共同体。即便如此,鉴于法治信仰并未真正被培育,现有法律职业阶层仍然存在被异化为“物化”法律职业利益集团的风险。因此,法治信仰的培育既是法律职业化的基本要求,也是形成法律职业共同体的核心元素。     

Routinization of Divorce Law Practice in China: Institutional Constraints' Influence on Judicial Behaviour

Based on in-depth fieldwork investigations and extensive interviews,this article demonstrates that adjudication has replaced mediatedreconciliation and become the dominant way of handling seriouslycontested divorce petitions in contemporary China. Specifically,for first-time petitions, judges routinely render against divorce.But for second-time petitions, they routinely render adjudicateddivorce. This shift is closely linked to recent reforms in theChinese judiciary and especially the assessment criteria imposedon courts and judges. This article thus argues that the assessmentcriteria and the institutional constraints of Chinese courtsmore generally have overwhelmingly affected, if not dictated,the decision-making process of Chinese judges.     

多数主义的法院:美国联邦最高法院司法审查的性质

长期以来,美国联邦最高法院的司法审查虽被视为法治和人权的捍卫者,却被作为民主的对立面.结果,它在理论上陷入难以自拔的合法性困境,或者说"反多数难题".本文结合法律和政治学者的讨论,考察美国司法审查的现实图景,指出它具有很强的"多数主义"性质.具体表现为,多数司法判决符合当下多数公众的意见,最高法院这一机构和司法审查这一制度获得多数民众的持久认同;不但如此,司法审查能够在一定程度上回应公众意见,从而在较长时段与主流意见的变迁保持一致.这种"多数主义"的性质,是由法官自身对公众意见的关注和尊重、其他部门和公众对宪法含义的争夺以及法官任命体制等外在制衡,共同促成和保障的.美国联邦最高法院在与其他机构的竞争合作中动态地表达民意,它受制于民主过程,也塑造民主过程.在此意义上,司法审查是美国民主体制的一部分,具有民主合法性.对于"反多数难题"的讨论而言,真正的问题不是司法审查是否符合"民主",而是现有的民主理论是否符合政治现实.     

德国消费者食品健康保护组织体系

消费者健康保护是我们每个人自觉或不自觉都要接触到的话题,消费者需要的是安全的消费品.本文将介绍德国消费者健康保护的各级组织体系及其间的相互合作,其中既有官方的联邦和各级联邦州政府,欧盟的有关机构,也有各类非官方的基金会和协会.     

中国在越南投资现状与展望

一、中国在越南投资现状自1987年颁发《外国投资法》至2005年2月,越南有效的外国投资项目约5100个,注册资金超过468亿美元,已到位资金约262.6亿美元。其中,工业—建筑业占总项目的67%和注册资金的约60%,服务业占总项目的19%和注册资金的35%,其余是农林渔业。2001~2004年,有200多个项目因没有运作或运作无效而被解体,占总项目的3%。自1991年中越关系正常化至2004年底,中国(不含中国香港特区、台湾地区)在越南直接投资项目由1个增至315个,注册投资资金由20万美元增至6.26亿美元,居66个在越南投资国家和地区的第15位。2004年,中国加大了对越南…     

坚定理想信念保持共产党员先进性

理想是一个人的奋斗方向、奋斗目标,是人们的精神支柱。信念是人们对某种现实或观念所持的信任态度。坚定理想信念对于保持共产党员先进性至关重要。要认真学习,坚持用先进的理论武装头脑,把最高理想、共同理想和个人理想有机地统一起来。要经受新的考验,铸成坚定的理想信念,立足岗位作贡献。     

Do unilateral trade measures really catalyze multilateral environmental agreements?

International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics - Unilateralism remains an opaque concept associated with discriminatory or coercive policy implications. Legal controversies...     

A New Stage Is Set

The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) was officially launched on July 7. According to the African Union (AU), with 55 members, the AfCFTA is the world's largest free trade area (FTA) in terms of membership since the founding of the World Trade Organization, with a huge market covering 1.2 billion people and a collective GDP of $2.5 trillion.     

The difference of Chinese legalism and western legalism

This paper analyzes the origin of Chinese legalism, its major propositions and characteristics. It compares the difference between Chinese legalism and other Chinese philosophies including Confucianism, Taoism and Mohism. It also discloses the difference of Chinese legalism and Western legalism in relation with morality. Western legalism defended the rule-of-law but argued against the morality of law. In contrast, Chinese legalism, especially in the early Pre-Qin era, did not separate morality from law. However, the fidelity to law in Chinese legalism was interpreted as the fidelity to the monarch, and thus being different from the Western rule-of-law.