上月世界大事

7月1日 俄罗斯总统普京访美，做客老布什庄园，提出俄可使其在阿塞拜疆设立的加巴拉雷达站现代化，以替代美准备在波兰、捷克部署的反导系统，建议让更多的欧洲国家参与导弹防御合作，布什未同意。     

东盟决策机制与东盟一体化

东盟的决策机制深具亚洲特点,东盟首脑会议和部长会议,尤其是外交部长和经济部长会议是东盟的主要决策机构;这些机构奉行全体一致原则、不干涉内政原则、y—x原则和协商原则,充分体现了东盟各国追求平等、互相尊重而又灵活应变的精神;颇具特色的决策机制有效地推动了东南亚国家的一体化,但随着东盟的扩大和深化,这一决策机制也暴露出沟通不足、效率低下等问题,如何改进决策机制,乃是东盟新世纪发展的重要课题。     

The Diagnostic Value of Quantitative Assessment of Diatom Test for Drowning: An Analysis of 128 Water‐related Death Cases using Microwave Digestion‐Vacuum Filtration‐Automated Scanning Electron Microscopy

The value of diatom test for the diagnosis of drowning remains controversial. The conventional forensic diatom test with low sensitivity is not a useful tool to provide accurate information about diatom in the tissues and organs. To improve the sensitivity of the diatom test, we developed a novel method called the Microwave Digestion‐Vacuum Filtration‐Automated Scanning Electron Microscopy (MD‐VF‐Auto SEM) method which resulted in a high recovery of diatoms. In this article, we analyzed 128 water‐related death cases. Our results showed that the MD‐VF‐Auto SEM method could achieve a much higher positive rate (0.97) in drowning cases. Large amounts of diatoms are retained, even concentrated, in the lung tissues during the intense breathing movement in drowning process. This might be useful for the diagnosis of drowning. Our research indicates that the MD‐VF‐Auto SEM method would be a valuable methodology in the study of diatom test for the forensic community.     

SECURITIZATION OF CATASTROPHE INSURANCE RISK AND CATASTROPHE BONDS: EXPERIENCES AND LESSONS TO LEARN

It is reasonable to expect that catastrophe insurance system will be established in China in the near future, since it is one of the main topics in the Fourth National Finance Working Conference, and it is the first three working points of China Insurance Regulation Commission (CIRC) this year. Due to the high loss of catastrophe and incapacity of the insurance industry, securitization of catastrophe risk serves as a significant alternative risk tool for catastrophe insurance industry. This has been practiced in the U.S. since the mid-1990s and catastrophe bonds are perfect examples. In this paper, we will first introduce the practices and challenges of securitization of catastrophe risk in the U.S., especially the catastrophe bonds which have been the predominant form until now. And then, the author will use the supply-demand framework to analyze whether securitization of risk is feasible in China. However, due to the institutional shortcomings, including legal frame, regulatory institutions and so on, issuing the ILS will take quite a long time and a tough process in China.     

THE INNOVATION OF LAW: FROM CHINESE PERSPECTIVE

It is a new and meaningful research in discovering the impact of technology on law, and the reciprocal relationship between law and invention. This paper starts with a Chinese ancient tragedy to disclose the direct relationship between technology and law that was reflected in the play. It explains the “Needham Puzzle” that was engraved in Chinese law in discussion with the indirect impact of technology on law in the Chinese legal system. After that, the Chinese patent system is analyzed specifically to discover the law of innovation. It also discusses the impact of law on technology in the field of patent system.     

建立和完善我国社区矫正工作体系的基本思路

社区矫正工作开展以来,实践中还存在不少问题.完善社区矫正工作体系,应当加快立法速度、设置合理的矫正机构、探索科学的矫正措施、争取社会认同和社会支持.     

Street as Courtroom: State Accommodation of Labor Protest in South China

Drawing on data collected from district-level governments, this article studies how the Chinese state responds to labor protests in South China. It examines both the internal logic and operational patterns of the state response involving the local courts and an assortment of government agencies. Internal documents and interviews reveal an emerging mode of state reaction. In the context of protest, the courts and related government agencies engage protesters on the street, which often grants a favorable resolution. This "street as courtroom" is a result of the weak capacity of the legal system coupled with a government-wide campaign to build a "harmonious society." These findings compel researchers to reconsider the institutional boundaries of the prototypical court, the outcome of social protest, and the appropriate role of the courts in China.     

证券犯罪中的电子证据问题

证券犯罪案件中的电子证据是指犯罪嫌疑人在利用电子信息系统实施涉及证券行业的犯罪行为中,电子系统运行时产生的以其记录的内容来证明案件事实的信息数据,其表现形式多样。证券犯罪电子证据具有高科技性、无形性、多样复合性、易破坏性和分散性,主要存在于证券犯罪的信息沟通环节、资金转移环节、执行操作环节和危害后果环节,应对其真实性、合法性和关联性等进行审查判断。     

犯罪的标尺——浅议我国犯罪证明标准的相关问题

我国未来的犯罪证明标准应当是层次式和分解式相结合的体系,即以一个高度盖然的总体证明标准为顶端,在该顶端下分别以侦查、起诉和审判三阶段的完结条件为标志设立阶段性证明标准。对于总体证明标准,在将法条修正为:"证据事实清楚,证据材料确实、充分"的同时,必须不断完善刑事诉讼程序使之更为正当和合理,而且还应增强司法主体的证据意识;而在刑事诉讼各阶段,则根据该阶段的直接任务分别设立相应的阶段性证明标准。     

理性对待刑事司法过程中的民意

法律效果与社会效果相统一,作为一项司法政策,是刑事司法工作的最高境界.为实现这一目标,司法机关在司法过程中必须关注民意.民意对刑事司法过程可能产生消极影响,因此司法机关应该理性对待民意.具体来说,刑事司法既要独立于民意,又要倾听、引导民意,及时回应民意.为此,应该完善公众参与机制、信息公开机制以及民意发现机制,同时规范媒体的报道,提升公众整体的法律素质.