中国-东盟自由贸易区内毒品问题现状与发展趋势

进入新世纪,毒品犯罪在整个中国-东盟自由贸易区内仍然呈上升趋势,成为非传统安全领域中的新型威胁,成为中国-东盟自由贸易区经济建设的一大毒瘤,也成为区域内各国政府首当解决的问题之一.因此,研究中国-东盟之间毒品问题的现状和发展趋势,对于中国-东盟自由贸易区建设的顺利进行有着重要的现实意义.     

“Clean up and go straight”: Effects of drug treatment on recidivism among felony probationers

The central question we address in this article is whether participation in court-ordered drug treatment programs reduces future criminal involvement among convicted property offenders who have a history of drug abuse. Using a national sample of male property offenders sentenced to felony probation, we analyze drug treatment experience on probationers’ recidivism rates by employing proportional hazards techniques. Results indicate that how successful white men are in completing courtordered drug treatment programs has no significant effect on their recidivism rates. However, AfricanAmerican and Hispanic men who satisfy the expectations of their drug treatment programs are significantly less likely to be rearrested. Overall, our findings support the contention that drug treatment reduces further criminal behavior among men on probation for felony property offenses. Thus, we recommend that court service personnel strive to provide drug treatment programs for property offenders with a history of drug abuse and that supervisors closely monitor probationers’ activities while in treatment to assure lower rates of recidivism. An earlier version of this paper was presented at the annual meeting of the Midwest Sociological Society in Chicago in April 1996.     

Quantity of weapon oils at the target as a function of shooting sequence and firing distance

Five widely used gun oils were tested to see if they could be identified by gas chromatography. All oils in the test produced characteristic gas chromatograms and the test was highly sensitive in tracing the oils. Seven different weapons and various types of ammunition were used to perform firing tests involving an oil sold under the brand name of "Gun pro." The weapons were oiled and wiped dry and subsequently discharged at a cotton cloth target. Series of shots were fired from a maximal distance of 3 m, and the weapon was not cleaned between shots. Grease marks and powder-burn traces were extracted separately and the extracts, after adding an internal standard, were investigated by means of gas chromatography (gas chromatography unit by Perkin and Elmer). The largest quantities of oil were transmitted by indoor ammunition fired from a small-bore rifle. At a firing range of 20 cm, a decrease in the oil quantity could be observed up to the fourth discharge. When the firing range was varied there was a decrease in the oil quantity up to a distance of 80 cm. The first and the second discharge could be distinguished up to a firing range of 60 cm. With increasing force of the projectile and a decrease in the interior length of the gun barrel, the quantity of oil conveyed to the target also decreased. Additionally, the identifiability of the oil was investigated after firing at several layers of cloth and after storage of the samples (no losses occurred after a 1-month storage period).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

The Indo-Pacific: Reconceptualizing the Asian Regional Space

This paper introduces the special edition and the ideas of regions and regionalism.     

Chinese Expanded Perceptions of the Region and Its Changing Attitudes Toward the Indo-Pacific: a Hybrid Vision of the Institutionalization of the Indo-Pacific

The existing literature on the Indo-Pacific has largely focused on how and why the USA, Japan, Australia, India, and Indonesia have promoted the strategic concept of the Indo-Pacific, and how China has rejected it in the domain of maritime security. What has been overlooked, however, are dramatically expanded Chinese perceptions of the region and changing and complex Chinese attitudes and responses toward the Indo-Pacific. This essay aims to fill this gap by demonstrating how China has coopted certain components of the Indo-Pacific in its geoeconomic hegemonic project. This can be partially explained by unfolding and expanding Chinese perceptions of the region, characterized by geoeconomics and maritime/continental hybridity. This paper brings a missing perspective to the debate by highlighting China’s evolving, complex, and multifaceted approaches regarding the Indo-Pacific. It also offers a conceptual tool of a hybrid vision of the institutionalization of the Indo-Pacific for the enterprise of regional cooperation.     

国际社会中犯罪行为与预防犯罪的新领域

<正> 第七届联合国预防犯罪和罪犯待遇大会亚洲和太平洋区域筹备会议,于一九八三年七月四日至八日在泰国曼谷的联合国亚洲及太平洋经济社会委员会总部举行。出席这次会议的主要有亚洲、大洋洲国家的代表,还有几个欧洲国家的代表,此外还有一些国际组织的代表和专家。这次会议有五个议题,其中"从发展角度来看犯罪行为和预防犯罪的新领域:未来的挑战"。这个问题是中心议题。代表们就这一中心议题进行了热烈的讨论,对犯罪的原因,犯罪的领域和趋势、预防和控制犯罪的措施发表了各种看法。现根据大会讨论准则和代表们的发言,对这一中心议题的看法综合叙述如下。     

Frontal collision in the reclining-sitting position. Medical and legal aspects

An account is given of a head-on collision involving a sleeping female who was a front-seat passenger in a sitting-reclining position and who was not wearing a safety belt. Biomechanical, clinical and radiological findings are reported (longitudinal fracture at the L3, vertebral compressions, intervertebral disc lesions, vertebral arch lacerations and incomplete paraparesis from L2 distally. In the course of several lawsuits leading up to the Federal Supreme Court, two judgments were pronounced that outline the legal obligations of the driver towards sleeping front-seat passengers. In this case, there was a conviction on account of "neglect." A district (LG) and an appellate court (OLG) acknowledged the liability of the driver for injury to person and property damages. The fact that he had not awakened the women passenger to draw her attention to the necessity of fastening the safety belt in a sitting position and in this way giving her the opportunity to make her own responsible decision was considered as "at least contributory" towards the damages sustained in the accident. The settlements regarding the private insurance liability are also derived from these rulings.     

辅导员角色定位新思考

我国高校辅导员角色定位在历史上一直存在两种倾向:即"只重一头"的偏差定位和"包打天下"的全部包揽定位,给辅导员目前的工作和其自身发展都造成了很大困扰。辅导员应定位于学生思想政治教育教师的角色,根据这个定位来考虑辅导员队伍的建设,才能使高校思想政治教育收到实效。