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211.
Ernesto U. Savona Barbara Vettori 《European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research》2009,15(4):379-393
Whilst any estimation of crime costs is a challenge even at a national level and in respect to crimes not particularly problematic
from the definitional viewpoint, like volume crimes, the task is much harder when one has to deal with the harm caused by
organised crime, especially from a comparative perspective. First, notwithstanding many international acts and studies, the
term ‘organised crime’ is still one of those most debated and blurred in criminology. To complicate matters further, any cross-country
assessment encounters such a wide variety of national differences (cultural, in the definition of offences, and in crime data
collection systems) that the results are hardly comparable. Though extremely difficult, discussing the topic makes a great
deal of sense today, and especially within the European Union, because there is strong demand for sound knowledge on the most
harmful activities perpetrated by organised criminal groups and where these are localised. Considering the increasing importance
attached to the issue, this article critically discusses existing attempts to measure organised crime harm from a comparative
perspective, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses. It first reviews harm assessment models developed to date at the
international level, and mainly consisting of surveys. It then presents a different approach to the subject, one more centered
on official statistics and which has recently resulted in the development of a methodology in the context of a EU-funded study
entitled IKOC (Improving Knowledge on Organised Crime to develop a common European approach). 相似文献
212.
William U. Weiss Ph.D. Kevin Buehler David Yates 《Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology》1995,10(4):57-60
The Psychopathic Deviate (Pd) Scale of the MMPI is often used by police departments in police selection. Unfortunately very
little research data exists to substantiate the power of the Pd scale in police selection. In this study, self-ratings of
satisfaction and performance of police officers were assessed using the Zytowski Personal Data Questionnaire. The Pd scale
showed promise but the correlation between Pd and rated satisfaction was non-significant. When the scale was divided into
Pd Obvious and Pd Subtle and correlated with satisfaction, a significant correlation between Pd Subtle and rated satisfaction
emerged. When male officers alone were assessed, the results were even more significant. Included in the Pd Subtle are less
transparent items which is a partial explanation of the results. For males, the Pd2 Authority Problems scale correlated significantly
with both satisfaction and performance. The promise of the Pd Subtle as well as the Pd2 scales need to be investigated further. 相似文献
213.
Diffuse axonal injury by assault 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
T Imajo R C Challener U Roessmann 《The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology》1987,8(3):217-219
A case of diffuse axonal injury (DAI) by assault is reported. The majority of DAI cases documented have been due to traffic accidents and some due to falls from height. DAI is caused by angular or rotational acceleration of the victim's head. The condition is common and is the second most important head injury after subdural hematoma with regard to death. Its clinical picture is characterized by immediate and prolonged coma or demented state. Because of the subtle nature of histological changes in DAI, awareness and intentional search for the lesion is essential. The triad of DAI is as follows: focal lesions (hemorrhages and/or lacerations) in the corpus callosum and brain stem, and microscopic demonstration of axonal damage--retraction balls. The concept of DAI will elucidate and enhance the understanding of many head trauma cases. 相似文献
214.
William U. Weiss Ph.D. David Yates Kevin Buehler 《Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology》1995,10(4):53-56
A sample of 77 police officers who had been members of the Evansville, Indiana Police Department for at least two years had
been given the Kuder Occupational Interest Inventory prior to being hired. Each was given the Zytowski Personal Data Questionnaire
to obtain self-ratings of satisfaction and duty performance. A high percentage (81%) of the officers who had been hired and
whose careers had continued in police work had Police Officer as one of their top ten occupations on the Kuder Interest Inventory.
The Kuder was less successful at predicting satisfaction and performance. These data supported the concept that stress and
burnout were more important predictors of satisfaction and duty performance than were interests. 相似文献
215.
216.
S Balabanova P J Arnold H Brunner V Luckow H U Wolf 《Zeitschrift für Rechtsmedizin》1989,102(8):495-501
Determination of methadone in human hair by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was described. Helium as carrier gas, a 30-m bonded phase-fused silica DB-1 capillary column and splitless injection at 230 degree C temperature were used. The concentrations of methadone and its metabolites were measured in addition by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Both methods GC/MS and RIA showed the presence of methadone in human hair. 相似文献
217.
218.
98 cases of unidentified corpses found in the region of Frankfurt/M. during the period 1981-1986 were investigated. The different methods used in the investigation processes were compared. The most important results: 1. The condition of the body had very little influence on the time required for identification. 2. The estimated ages tended for ages up to 50 years to be too low and for ages of 50 years and over too high. 3. Visual recognition of the deceased and comparison of finger prints proved to be the most successful methods and provided the best results. 4. In more than half of the cases distinguishing bodily features, clothing and jewelry were helpful in the identification procedure; in 9% of the cases they alone formed the basis of identification. 5. Abductions were carried out in only 30% of the cases, 43% of which led to conclusive results. 相似文献
219.
220.
Resuscitation and petechiae 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Petechiae can be important corroborative evidence of asphyxia, but are also seen in persons who have died of other means. It is not uncommon to encounter them in cases in which cardiopulmonary resuscitation has reestablished blood flow and pressure in small vessels already damaged by hypoxia resulting in the formation of petechiae. This report documents some representative cases. 相似文献