现代化与犯罪--社会控制中介论

犯罪增长与经济发展和现代化之间是否存在着必然联系?作者认为犯罪增长这一社会现象与现代化、经济发展、社会转型之间的确具有一定的联系,但它不是线性相关关系,不是简单的"代价"关系,他们二者之间的关系是间接的、不确定的,必须通过一个"中介"而发生,这个中介就是"社会控制".因此,在新形势下,如何利用经济发展的成果改善和加强社会控制是解决犯罪问题的关键.     

STR Data for the AmpFlSTR Identifiler loci in three ethnic groups (Malay, Chinese, Indian) of the Malaysian population

Allele frequencies for the 15 STR loci in the AmpFlSTR Identifiler kit were determined and compared for the three main ethnic groups of the Malaysian population comprising 210 Malays, 219 Chinese and 209 Indians. Blood was placed on FTA paper and DNA was purified in-situ.     

STR data for the AmpFlSTR SGM Plus and Profiler loci from Taiwan

Allele frequencies for the 15 STRs included in the AmpFlSTR SGM Plus and Profiler kit (D3S1358, VWA, D16S539, D2S1338, D8S1179, D21S11, D18S51, D19S433, THO1, FGA, TPOX, CSF1PO, D5S818, D13S317 and D7S820) were obtained from a sample of 597 unrelated individuals living in Taiwan. All loci, except for D8S1179 and D5S818, are in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.     

Salvation or damnation?: Religion and correctional ideology

Fundamentalist affiliation and religious beliefs are generally related to more punitive attitudes toward criminals. Fundamentalists also tend to attribute criminality to individual dispositional factors, and in turn, such factors are related to punitiveness. Recently, it has also been found that compassionate dimensions of religion are related to treatment-oriented policies. It is still not clear which dimensions of religion are related to punitive or treatment ideology and what effects religious variables may have when tested against secular concerns about crime and crime attributions. In the present research, we test three models of punitiveness and one model of rehabilitation with demographic, secular, religious, and attributional factors. We found that those for whom religion is salient in their daily lives tend to believe that the death penalty should be reserved for older offenders and that those who believe in a punitive God tend to support harsher punishments.     

Effects of defendant age and juror bias on judgment of culpability: What happens when a juvenile is tried as an adult?

The current study examined the possibility that trying juveniles as adults was prejudicial. One hundred and fifty three undergraduate mock jurors, classified as either prosecution-biased (PB) or defense-biased (DB), participated in the experiment. The jurors were randomly assigned to read a murder trial summary depicting a 19-year-old adult defendant (AD-19), a 16-year-old juvenile tried as an adult (JA-16), or a 13-year-old juvenile tried as an adult (JA-13). Defendant age interacted with juror bias. In the JA-16 condition, compared with defense-biased jurors, prosecution-biased jurors found the defendant guilty more often, had higher confidence in the defendant’s guilt, and set a lower standard of proof. By all appearances, some jurors might lose neutrality when judging juveniles tried as adults.     

Mobile autopsy teams in the investigation of war crimes in Kosovo 1999.

On request of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), the Danish-Swedish forensic teams worked in Kosovo during the summer and the fall of 1999. The teams worked mainly as "mobile teams" at sites with few graves. Only two larger sites were examined. Most of the bodies were buried separately. A few "multiple burial" graves were examined, but no mass graves were encountered. The main purpose of the autopsies was to establish the cause and manner of death. Identification was of less importance, but a majority of the bodies had been identified prior to the autopsy. A total of 308 bodies, mainly males, were examined. The age varied greatly with a mean age of 47 years. The most common cause of death was gun shot wounds and the most common manner of death was homicide.     

线粒体 DNA突变与心肌病关系的研究进展

人类某些疾病与线粒体DNA(mtDNA)基因组缺陷有关.本文就mtDNA突变与缺血性心肌病和肥厚型心肌病关系的研究加以回顾.目前的研究大多认为心肌缺血缺氧致氧化磷酸化紊乱,产生氧自由基损伤mtDNA,以及缺氧致氧化磷酸化过度诱导而损伤mtDNA,慢性损伤积累终致mtDNA片断缺失或点突变,主要表现出mtDNA5.0kb、7.4kb缺失及细胞色素b(cytb)基因上C15452A点突变;tRNA基因保守序列突变,致肌肉收缩蛋白合成缺陷,缺陷的收缩蛋白持续而无效的收缩可能会增加心肌对ATP的代谢需求,因此导致心肌肥厚.     

“以德治国”的理论意义及其实践

认真学习领会江泽民同志"以德治国"思想的理论意义,对于我们建立与社会主义市场相适应,与社会主义法律相配套的思想道德体系,具有重大实践指导意义.     

传统叙事话语的颠覆与消解--论"前先锋派"小说的现代性

20世纪80年代中期,以写"城市文化"为代表的"前先锋派"青年作家群,如刘索拉、徐星等,以强烈的叛逆精神,从生存方式的批判角度,挑战权威,消解正统,其作品刻意表现平庸、荒诞、滑稽,以揭示现代人的生存状态、精神焦虑与迷惘的情绪.其文本叙事广泛采用反讽与黑色幽默的表达技法,在揶揄调侃中达到对传统叙事话语的颠覆和消解.     

论贷款诈骗罪认定中的几个难点问题

近年来,由于公、检、法各界对有关贷款诈骗罪若干问题在认定上存在诸多分歧,又没有相关司法解释及时出台,导致实践中对这类犯罪的打击力度不够.本文着重论述了贷款诈骗罪认定中的三个难点问题如何认定贷款诈骗犯罪的非法占有目的,如何认定单位以非法占有为目的,使用各种欺诈手段,骗取银行或其他金融机构贷款的行为,以及如何认定合法取得贷款后"事后起意"占有贷款行为.