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991.
Stature reconstruction is important as it provides a forensic anthropological estimate of the height of a person in the living state; playing a vital role in the identification of individuals from their skeletal remains. Regression formulae for stature estimation have been generated for indigenous South Africans based on measurements of long bones of upper and lower extremities and the calcaneus. Since these bones are not always available for forensic analysis, it became necessary to use other bones such as the skull for stature estimation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the usefulness of certain measurements of the skull of indigenous South Africans in the estimation of adult stature. Ninety-nine complete skeletons obtained from the Raymond A. Dart Collection, School of Anatomical Sciences of the University of the Witwatersrand, were used. Total skeletal height (TSH) was calculated for each skeleton using the Fully's (anatomical) method. Furthermore, six variables were measured on each skull. TSH was regressed onto these cranial measurements in order to obtain regression formulae. The correlation coefficients obtained ranged between 0.40 and 0.54. The range of the standard errors of estimate from the current study (4.37 and 6.24) is high in comparison to that obtained for stature estimation based on intact long bones and the calcaneus. Therefore, the equations presented in this study should be used with caution in forensic cases when only the skull is available for human identification. 相似文献
992.
A sharp increase in forensic age estimation of living persons has been observed in recent years. However, ethnic populations residing in different countries have been insufficiently analyzed. According to 2004 data compiled by the Essen-based Turkey Research Center, there are 3.8 million Turkish people living abroad, and 3.2 million of them reside in European Union countries. Despite the high number of Turks living abroad, little is known about third-molar development for forensic application in this population. Hence, it was considered worthwhile to determine the developmental stages of the third molar in a group of Turkish population, to assess chronological age estimation based on the developmental stages, and to compare third molar development according to sex, age and location. Orthopantomograms of 1134 Turkish patients, ages 4-20 years were examined and third-molar developmental stages were evaluated based on Demirjian's classifications. Orthopantomograms were scored by two different observers, and Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test used to test intra- and inter-observer reliability revealed a strong agreement between both intra- and inter-observer measurements. Linear regression analysis was performed to correlate third-molar development and chronological age, and further statistical analysis was performed to determine the relation between sex, age and location. Results showed a strong linear correlation between age and molar development (males: r(2)=0.57; females: r(2)=0.56). Mineralizations of left and right third molars were compared using Wilcoxon tests, and no statistical differences were found. No significant differences were found in third-molar development between males and females. Mandibular third molar crypt formation was observed in 2.4% of patients at age seven and maxillary third molar crypt formation was observed in 1.3% of patients at age seven. A strong correlation was found between third-molar development and chronological age. Among the Turkish population, third molar crypt formation is observable at as early as 7 years in both the mandible and maxilla. Agenesis can be determined conclusively if no radiolucent bud is present by age 14. 相似文献
993.
Dmitrieva OA Fedchenko TM Goncharenko DV Iurtaeva EA Pichugin AP 《Sudebno-meditsinskaia ekspertiza》2007,50(4):24-27
We studied the trend in the number of forensic-medical examinations in trials against obstetricians and gynecologists conducted in Primorsky Region in 1997-2005. Most typical defects in obstetric-gynecological care are characterized. These cases are analysed in terms of forensic-medical practice. Detection and forensic-medical analysis of the above defects contribute to optimization of the diagnosis and treatment both in obstetric-gynecological practice and in wide medical practice. 相似文献
994.
An experimental study was made on estimation distance of shots made from far distance through clothes with 5.6-mm jacket-free lead bullets. Textile obstructions imitating human clothes were modeled. Contact velocity of the wounding bullet was measured. Almost complete forensic-medical characteristics of inlet gunshot wounds of the body allowing for clothes properties, anatomic structure of the affected body area, deformation of the hitting bullets were obtained. 相似文献
995.
996.
The lungs from 60 subjects who had died of polytrauma were studied morphologically. The heads of the corpses were not injuried. The aim of the study was investigation of characteristics and time of development of structural changes associated with lung injury. Early structural changes in trauma were disorders of circulation including microcirculation, acute emphysema, distelectases and atelectases, injury of bronchial and bronchiolar mucosa. Pulmonary edema and systemic inflammatory reaction emerge in the first hours after trauma. 相似文献
997.
Kireeva AV Vozheva AB Bakhtina SM Volchenko SV Kuklin VN 《Sudebno-meditsinskaia ekspertiza》2007,50(3):22-25
The conditions of doxilamine isolation from biological fluids are studied. The method of its extraction with a mixture of organic solvents in pH 9 is proposed. Identification of doxilamine with techniques of thin layer chromatography, UV-, IR-spectroscopy, chromato-mass-spectrometry, densitometry, gas-liquid chromatography is described. UV-spectrometry, gas chromatography and densitometry can be used for quantitation of doxilamine. 相似文献
998.
The authors examined sedimentation of stibium in the area of experimental skin entry holes generated by Makarov gun shots from different distances. Regularities of allocation of stibium subject to the distance of the shot were determined. Practical recommendations for expert conclusion about the distance of the shot were given on the grounds of the results of the study. 相似文献
999.
The authors established that special structure of bones in childhood have a significant influence on the fractures of long tubular bones. The formation of unusual fractures shows it. Under condition of low speed of bending in the area of fracture many microfissures are formed, which leads to structural failure of intraosseous microcirculation and osteocytes. 相似文献
1000.