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401.
Kristy L. O’Brien Lynne Cohen Julie Ann Pooley Myra F. Taylor 《Journal of family violence》2013,28(1):95-108
Recognition is growing that childhood witnessing of domestic violence is tantamount to child abuse due to the damage the experience may have on the witnessing child’s long-term emotional and social wellbeing. This paper helps to lift the cloak of silence that surrounds the child witnessing phenomenon by presenting the recollected adult memories of six female former child witnesses. Utilizing a mixed case-study and consensual qualitative research design, the study’s findings reveal that the potential threat to a child witness’s immediate and long-term wellbeing can be mediated through the progressive development of a range of adaptive coping strategies. Of these, the strategy of establishing a safe place and a supportive relationship outside of the abusive nuclear family home seems pivotal to the witnessing child’s resilient ability to move on and lead a ‘rewarding’ adult life. The paper closes with a discussion on how the research findings can be progressed. 相似文献
402.
Automatic Encoding of Ambiguous Child Behavior in High and Low Risk for Child Physical Abuse Parents
Julie L. Crouch Joel S. Milner John J. Skowronski Magdalena M. Farc Lauren M. Irwin Angela Neese 《Journal of family violence》2010,25(1):73-80
Recent theory and research suggest that physically abusive parenting behavior might be understood as originating from: 1)
greater accessibility of hostile/negative schema, and/or 2) lower accessibility of benign/positive schema. This study examined
whether parents at high and low risk for child physical abuse (CPA) differed in the extent to which they spontaneously encoded
ambiguous caregiving contexts in negative versus positive terms. Twenty-five high and forty-one low risk for CPA parents were
asked to memorize a set of sentences that described ambiguous caregiving situations. After a brief delay, participants were
asked to recall the sentences. During recall, cues were given (e.g., negative and positive words) to facilitate recall. According
to the cued-recall paradigm, to the extent that recall was facilitated by negative/positive cues, it was inferred that negative/positive
meaning was activated when the ambiguous sentences were encoded. Although all parents tended to recall more information in
response to negative relative to positive cues, the influence of cue type on recall was greater for high CPA risk parents.
That is, high, compared to low, CPA risk parents obtained significantly higher recall difference scores (M = 4.6 versus M = 2.3); with higher recall difference scores indicating greater recall in response to negative relative to positive cues.
Present findings are consistent with the proposition that high and low CPA risk parents differ in how they spontaneously encode
information in ambiguous caregiving contexts. 相似文献
403.
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405.
Most parent education programs are designed to improve child well-being following divorce by changing some aspect of parenting. However, there has been relatively little discussion of what aspects of parenting are most critical and the effectiveness of programs to change different aspects of parenting. This paper addresses these issues by: 1. Distinguishing three aspects of post-divorce parenting that have been targeted in parent education programs; 2. Reviewing evidence of the relations between each aspect of parenting and the well-being of children and; 3. Critically reviewing evidence that parent education programs have been successful in changing each aspect of post-divorce parenting. 相似文献
406.
Kristie Patten Koenig Jill M. Feldman Dorothy Siegel Shirley Cohen Jamie Bleiweiss 《Journal of prevention & intervention in the community》2014,42(4):248-263
Many students with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are educated separately from their typically developing peers, while others are placed in inclusive classes but without supports that would help them benefit from less restrictive placements. The needs of students with ASD who are in inclusive settings are often not planned for or met appropriately, resulting in continuing problems and movement to increasingly restrictive environments or private placements. There is a critical need for school models to fill the gap in appropriate services for this population of children with ASD. These models should include those that are inclusive and academically challenging, that can be implemented by many school districts, and that are responsive to the unique combination of strengths and deficits in these students. In the current article, the authors describe the development and core components of the model, and implementation of the ASD Nest program in public schools in New York City. 相似文献
407.
The present study examines the quality of peer relations as a mediator between exposure to IPV (intimate partner violence) and internalizing behaviors in a sample of 129 preadolescents and adolescents (ages 10-18), who were interviewed via telephone as part of a multigenerational, prospective, longitudinal study. Relational victimization is also examined as a moderator of IPV exposure on internalizing behaviors. Results demonstrate a significant association of exposure to severe IPV and internalizing behaviors. Relational victimization is found to moderate the effects of exposure to severe IPV on internalizing behaviors. The present findings suggest that the effects of exposure to IPV had a particularly important effect on the risk for internalizing problems if the adolescent also experienced relational victimization. Conversely, the receipt of prosocial behaviors buffer against the effects of IPV exposure on internalizing symptoms in teen girls. 相似文献
408.
409.
Jeffrey Cohen 《Political Behavior》1981,3(3):211-227
This paper discusses the individual dynamics of Congressional party voting in terms of a cohort model. Like previous studies, which have used a different terminology (Asher and Weisberg, 1978), stability and replacement are major factors. Smaller, yet significant conversions were also found in regard to the impact of the seniority system and the committee system in allowing independence from the parties. Lastly, major period effects were also revealed. While period effects are more a chance occurrence than conversion associated with accumulating seniority, they may prove significant in understanding the dynamics of congressional voting as stability processes pick up and structure the period effects. In other words, the effects of period disturbances may persist long after the period has ended, as stabilizing processes capture the period changes and make these period changes a part of the congress's future. 相似文献
410.