推进农村基层民主政治建设面临的困境和对策分析

农村基层民主政治建设是中国民主政治建设的系统工程,对整个中国民主政治发展具有深刻意义.但就目前中国农村基层民主政治发展而言,面临着三重困境.本文在分析这三重困境的基础上,试图在困境中寻求出路,寻找具体的应对措施.     

The impact of situational factors, officer characteristics, and neighborhood context on police behavior: A multilevel analysis

While a considerable number of studies had been conducted to examine the effects of various variables on police behavior, very few studies had simultaneously analyzed factors that accounted both for police coercive and noncoercive behaviors. Equally limited is the research on the influences of officer characteristics and neighborhood context on police behavior controlling for all individual situational factors. Using observational and survey data collected by a large-scale project and hierarchical linear modeling techniques, this study assessed the effects of situational, officer, and neighborhood variables on police coercive and noncoercive actions, as well as the cross-level effects between these variables. Findings showed that situational characteristics played a strong role in determining officer coercive behavior, but not noncoercive activities. Similarly, officer-level predictors explained better officers' variation in coercive behavior than noncoercive behavior. Meanwhile, socially disadvantaged neighborhoods were more prone to receive coercive activities than were other neighborhoods. Implications for policy and future research are discussed.     

Effect of methamphetamine abuse on the bone quality of the calcaneus.

BACKGROUND: Methamphetamine, a derivative of amphetamine, has been said to cause mainly mental dependency in humans, but only little is known about its physical dependency. Like other narcotics, it may have chronic effects on the human body, so, this study was planned to evaluate it by examining the bone quality of the skeletal system. METHOD: Among the convicts serving in Fuchu Prison, two groups of people were chosen according to their methamphetamine experience. The bone quality of the calcaneus of both abusers (n = 59, ages 41 +/- 11 years) and controls (n = 50, aged 45 +/- 13 years) was examined with an Achilles ultrasound bone densitometer. SOS (speed of sound) and BUA (broadband ultrasound attenuation), both of which were obtained from the measurement and are an indicator of the strength of bone, were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The SOS of the abuser group was 1559 +/- 24 (mean +/- SD) m/s and this was significantly lower than that of the control group, 1570 +/- 27 (mean +/- SD) m/s (p = 0.017). The BUAs of the abuser group and the control group were 108 +/- 10 and 110 +/- 10 (mean +/- SD) dB/MHz, respectively, and there was no significant difference between them (p = 0.181). CONCLUSION: There was loss of SOS of the calcaneus in methamphetamine abusers.     

中日稀有金属贸易冲突及影响

随着中国稀有金属出口政策的调整,中日稀有金属贸易冲突日趋扩大,正确分析这种冲突的本质及影响,是采取合理应对之策的前提.本文认为,稀有金属的开发和利用与各国高科技产业和国防发展紧密相连,稀有金属问题从一开始就不仅涉及资源安全问题,还涉及国家国际竞争力和国家安全等问题.因此,将中日稀有金属冲突表述为资源问题表象下的国家战略问题更接近问题的本质.     

美国《商标淡化修正案》中的利益分析

美国<商标淡化修正案>实际上是企业商标战略利益折中的产物.美国国会采用"利益平衡"之术确立了"淡化的可能性"原则.同时又将受该原则保护的商标范围大大缩小,并明确界定了相关概念及其范畴.该修正案在进一步强化大型企业的商标利益同时,却加重了初创企业和中小企业的商标淡化风险.     

土耳其打击库工党的军事政策浅析

中东伊斯兰国家在应对库尔德问题上主要表现为3种模式,即土耳其和伊拉克前萨达姆政权的军事打压模式;叙利亚和伊朗的民族融合模式;伊拉克新政府的政治参与模式.海湾战争后,土耳其为维护国家主权和领土完整,向库工党武装发动了十余次军事打击.土耳其采取军事打击的动因包括:安全考量、军事实力、国内因素、盟友支持、国际舆论五大要素.但迄今土耳其军事打压战略效果不佳,经济、政治和社会手段应是土耳其解决民族分裂问题的重要补充.     

开普港口贸易与南非土地问题的内在关联

南非土地问题的形成过程和原因,可追溯至历史上荷兰人开拓殖民地之时.造成殖民者逐步侵吞科伊桑人和班图黑人土地的根源在于日益扩大的世界贸易,以及开普港口在世界贸易中的地位.尽管布尔人到南非半个世纪后便中断了他们与祖国的联系,但他们从来没有中断与外部的联系,正是贸易把他们与欧洲和世界联系在一起.而他们经营贸易的过程又和他们在南非的土地扩张活动紧密地联系在一起.     

立足实际 重视效果 加强和搞好“两课”教育－对我校“二课”教育改革的思考

改革、加强和搞好“两课”教育 ,必须做到和做好以下方面 :一、更新观念 ,坚持灌输与教育同抓 ,教师与学生共同参与。二、克服教育误区 ,坚持各方面要求一致 ,脚踏实地地走理论与实际结合之路。三、严格要求 ,坚持教学考核与行为考核的并重。四、注重合力 ,取得教学、管理、环境的统一。