Forensic chemical detection of furadan

Isolation of furadan from biological material by ethyl acetate is considered. Column chromatography with silicone gel L 100/160micro was used to purify extractions from biological objects. A technique was elaborated for identification and quantitation of furadan in cadavers. It is possible to use this technique in forensic expert examination.     

防范对抗,推动积极的国际关系议程

讨论全球关系体系转型的迫切问题具有深刻意义.这个古老而又崭新的庞大话题体现为古老文明与现实的有机统一,全球化过程就是其中的一项内容.历史必将提供经过修正的全球化的平衡.从世界发展的趋势中我们可以得出这样的结论,即:全球化正在为全体和个人增加巨大潜力.我们的中心任务是建立积极的国际议事日程,通过实施这项议程也许能够实际形成可控制的、能够可靠地支持国际稳定、对全球挑衅和威胁做出明确的集体和个人反应的国际关系.     

Combined use of molecular genetic technologies to identify the Russian citizens died during tsunami in Thailand

Main stages, methodological aspects and practical results of molecular genetic research to identify the citizens of Russia died during tsunami in Thailand are considered.     

Optimization of the biological microchip for genotyping of the AB0 locus: correction of DNA probes

The objective of the present work was to search for methodological options facilitating the improvement and optimization of the biological microchip designed for genotyping of the AB0 locus. Testing a prototype biological microchip for genotyping of the AB0 locus using a reference set of preparations with the known group specificity has demonstrated that the choice of DNA probes by theoretical calculation of their thermodynamic parameters does not necessarily yields the desired practical result. Suffice it to say that under certain conditions some cells of the biochip appear to generate artifact hybridization signals that tend to make the results of genotyping either incorrect or difficult to interpret. This problem required the adjustment of the molecular structure of DNA probes for the optimization of their hybridization properties. As a result new DNA probes have been developed and synthesized and new variants of the prototype biochip constructed to be subjected to experimental verification.     

The experience of using the FTA-carriers for blood sample storage while conducting the molecular-genetic identification of unidentified killed persons--victims of military actions in the territory of the Chechen Republic

The activity of adapting and introducing the FTA-carriers for the storage of blood samples of relatives of missing service men for the purpose of using them in the consequent identification measures in respect to non-identified killed persons has been conducted in the Russian Federation within the framework of identification of service men killed in the Chechen territory during the 1994-1996 armed conflict. The article generalizes the experience of practical usage of FTA-cards as an element in the technological sequence of the molecular-genetic identification expertise. Methods related with application of FTA-technologies were tested; the efficiency of polymerized chain reaction was evaluated by using the matrix of immobilized DNA for hypo variable segments HVS-1 and HVS-2 as well as for the D-loop of mitochondrial DNA and for chromosomal STR-locuses D3S1358, vWA, FGA, D8S1179, D21S11, D18S51, D5S818, D13S317 and D7S820.     

Analysis of genetic diversity of the mitochondrial DNA in the forensic medical expert identification of individuals

Spectra of haplotype frequencies were studied for locuses of hypervariable segments 1 and 2 (HVS1 and HVS2), separately for each, and for linked segment HVS1-HVS2. The obtained data were used to determine the values and to evaluate comparatively the discriminating characteristics of the corresponding individualizing systems based on the typing of mtDNA. The system of typing, based on HVS2 (mv = 0.098), was found to possess the least discriminating potential; while the highest information rate is ensured in the analysis of HVS1 (m omega = 0.02) and in the joint analysis of HVS1 and HVS2 (mw = 0.007). The frequency rates of the key haplogroups were estimated within a random sampling of Russian citizens. A random population sampling of Russian citizens was shown not to differ essentially from an ethnically homogeneous population sampling of Russians selected with regard for a genetic diversity and for a spectrum of mitochondrial lines. The results point at the most rational algorithm of examinations in a forensic expert's analysis of mtDNA. The studied sampling can trigger the development of a referential data base designed for conducting, in the Russian Federation, the forensic-medical expert's examinations based on the mtDNA typing.     

Identification of tsunami victims in Thailand: international experience in organization and conduction of forensic-medical expert investigations in emergency situations with many victims

Russians were among the victims of tsunami in Thailand. The authors participated in the activity of Thai Tsunami Victim Identification Center as experts for identification of tsunami victims. The article outlines management and course of identification, some results. The unique experience with international cooperation in conduction of forensic-medical expert investigations in emergency situations with many victims is discussed.     

Molecular-genetic forensic expert investigations in the Russian Federation: problems and perspectives

Introduction of molecular-genetic technology into forensic-medical expert practice in Russia took place in unfavourable conditions of poor financial support and, consequently, the results appeared unsatisfactory. Organisation and functioning of genetic laboratories must be controlled and provided with an adequate system of training personnel and professional control. Application of molecular-genetic methods in forensic medicine meets the needs of expert practice if it is based on the systemic approach. The system is proposed to be headed by Russian Center for Forensic-Medical Expert Examination. This center is to update and control the activity of all institutions involved in forensic medical expert examination in Russia and conduct monitoring of the studies and training of specialists for the system.     

Russia and the United States: Still cold in Northeast Asia?

The US has been reluctant to acknowledge Russia's relevance to the Asia‐Pacific, the author says, because “too little time has passed since the interests of these two former adversaries collided in the region.” Russia has the longest Pacific coastline and borders with China, Japan, Korea and Mongolia. Despite the end of the Cold War, however, Russia is still not an integrated participant in Northeast Asian economic cooperation. Vladimir Ivanov is a Visiting Fellow at the Economic Research Institute for Northeast Asia in Niigata. He argues that Russia has made a clear choice between “guns and growth,” and that the country should be allowed to come in from the cold and join this region's development.