Genetic data for the 13 CODIS STR loci in Singapore Chinese

Allele frequencies for the 13 CODIS STR loci included in the AmpFISTR Profiler Plus and AmpFISTR Cofiler kits (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, USA) were determined in a sample of 209 unrelated Chinese in Singapore. The combined random match probability for the 13 loci is about 6.6 x10(-15) and the overall probability of excluding paternity is 0.9999899. The results demonstrate that the loci are useful for forensic human identification and parentage testing for the Chinese population in Singapore.     

Mass media, cultural attitudes, and suicide. Results of an international comparative study

Many studies indicate that the suicidal behavior in a society is affected by the suicide stories publicized. Cultural valuations appear in the way media present self-destruction. The reflection of sociocultural attitudes toward suicide can be observed and analyzed in these texts. In this research, reports about suicide (n = 2203) in the years from 1981 and 1991 taken from daily newspapers were gathered--three central and regional papers in each country. A content analysis was performed of the suicide reports in Hungary (n = 244), Japan (n = 684), the United States (n = 265), Germany (former West n = 458, former East n = 60), Austria (n = 405), and Finland (n = 81), on the basis of the following variables: mentioning of the name, personal data, prominence of the suicidal person, qualification of the suicide, methods, motives, positive or negative consequences, alternatives, and the expression(s) used to refer to the act. After a coding process, an analysis was conducted as to whether any significant differences existed in the rate of the several characteristics in the countries from the point of view of the possible imitation-identification and of the cultural differences are the most important findings interpreted.     

单核苷酸多态性研究进展

单核甘酸多态性（ SNPs）是继 RFLP和微卫星多态性标记之后的新一代遗传标记系统,具有密度高、遗传稳定、分析易自动化等特点。 SNPs可通过电泳、 PCR、酶切及测序等方法检测,已广泛应用于基因作图、疾病相关性分析、群体遗传学及药物研究等领域。     

纤维连接蛋白Ⅲ CS片段的剪接、表达以及与创伤修复的关系

纤维连接蛋白在创伤愈合中具有重要的作用 , 其基因在三个区域进行可变剪接 , 分别命名为 EⅢ A,EⅢ B和Ⅲ CS. 它们的功能仍有待于研究 . 本文就纤维连接蛋白的可变剪接片段Ⅲ cs的生物学活性及其在法医学中的应用展望做一粗浅的探讨 .     

脑干损伤后神经元及轴突改变的组织化学观察

采用针刺法造成大鼠脑干损伤,用尼氏体染色、嗜银染色和改良三色法观察脑干神经元及轴突在伤后不同时间的病理改变。结果发现,嗜银染色显示伤后 1～ 3h部分神经纤维不规则增粗、少数断裂, 6h断端膨大呈球形, 15h收缩球较为明显,至 24h收缩球明显且数量增多;改良三色法显示伤后 3～ 6h部分髓鞘与轴突之间的间隙增宽, 15h髓鞘明显弯曲、不完全地附着在轴突表面,甚至剥脱,持续到伤后 24h;尼氏体染色显示神经元核周尼氏体在伤后 24h减少。该结果提示,组织化学染色能观察到脑干损伤后的病理改变,并且有可能用于推断脑干损伤时间。     

实验性脑挫伤后 Fos蛋白和 NGFR变化与损伤时间关系的研究

目的 检测分析不同损伤时间组实验大鼠脑挫伤灶周围神经细胞中 NGFR阳性染色强度变化与损伤后经过时间之间的关系,对其在脑挫伤时间推断中的作用作出评价。方法 运用免疫组织化学技术（ SABC法）,结合计算机彩色图像分析技术观察大鼠实验性脑挫伤后原癌基因 c－ fos的表达产物 Fos蛋白和神经生长因子受体（ NGFR）的染色变化。结果 （ 1）伤后 0.5h组在挫伤灶周围可见 Fos阳性染色细胞出现。伤后 3h组阳性表达数量和强度达峰值,且分布广泛。后表达逐渐降低。 1d后各组未见 Fos阳性染色强度增加的细胞。对照组染色为阴性。（ 2）伤后 1d组在挫伤灶周围可见少量 NGFR阳性染色细胞,以神经细胞表达为主。伤后 3d组,阳性细胞表达与 1d组相比有显著性增强 (P< 0.01), 数 量 和 着 色 强 度 达 到 高 峰 , 量 多 且 染 色 深 。 之 后 逐 渐 缓 慢 减 弱 。 对 照 组 染 色 为 阴 性 。 可 见 脑 挫 伤 后 Fos和 NGFR在 损 伤 局 部 的 阳 性 染 色 分 别 在 伤 后 早 期 及 随 后 较 晚 时 段 里 出 现 。 前 者 表 达 时 间 短 暂 , 而 后 者 则 持 续 时 间 较 长 , 但 都 有 一 定 的 规 律 性 。 结 论 Fos蛋 白 和 NGFR变 化 可 用 于 脑 挫 伤 后 不 同 时 段 的 损 伤 时 间 推 断 。     

电击伤组织的超微结构观察

目的 观察电流传导路径上器官、组织的超微结构变化。 方法 对 SD大鼠进行实验性低电压电击。结果 触电部位皮肤的上皮细胞胞浆内基质凝固、膜系统断碎;骨骼肌肌小节出现异常收缩带;心肌的变化也较明显,可见局灶性溶解坏死并出现异常收缩带;电流传导路径上外周血管、神经的改变以血管明显,血管内皮细胞胞浆中出现空泡,中膜平滑肌可见溶解坏死,神经纤维仅见部分髓鞘松解。 结论 电击伤组织的超微结构变化可作为诊断电击死组织学变化的补充,为解决无明显皮肤电损伤的电击死案件提供形态学指标。同时也探讨了电击伤超微结构变化的形成机制。     

Diatom numbers around the continental shelf break

Diatom concentrations in seawater were examined monthly at four aquatic areas. Diatom concentrations inside a bay showed a monthly variation, but these were detectable. On the other hand, in the open sea around the continental shelf break, there were few diatoms in any season. When a person drowns in the open sea, the diatom test cannot be expected to function reliably.     

Regional distribution of methamphetamine in autopsied brain of chronic human methamphetamine users

We measured levels of methamphetamine and those of its metabolite amphetamine in 15 autopsied brain regions of 14 human methamphetamine users. Only slight regional differences were observed in drug concentrations among the brain areas. Although, some redistribution of the drugs probably occurred postmortem, these data suggest that methamphetamine might not be preferentially retained in dopamine-rich brain areas but is heterogenously distributed in brain of chronic human users of the drug. The possible pharmacological actions of methamphetamine in both dopamine-rich and poor brain areas of chronic drug users need to be considered.