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31.
Considerable research has documented associations between adverse life events and internalizing symptoms in adolescents, but
much of this research has focused on the number of events experienced, with less attention to the ecological context or timing
of events. This study examined life events in three ecological domains relevant to adolescents (i.e., family, peers, themselves)
as predictors of the course of depressive symptoms among a community epidemiologically defined sample of 419 (47.2% females)
urban African American adolescents. Given that youth depressive symptoms change over time, grade level was examined as a moderator.
For males, the strength of associations between life events happening to participants, family life events, and peer life events
and depressive symptoms did not change from grades 6–9. For females, the strength of the association between peer life events
and depressive symptoms did not change over time, but the strength of associations between life events happening to participants
and family life events and females’ depressive symptoms decreased over time. Implications of the findings and directions for
future research are discussed. 相似文献
32.
Different ciliated protozoa are observed by the immersion of dead bodies in soft water. In death from drowning a ciliated Tetrahymena kind was discovered whose size and hemotactism facilitate in a priviliged way the penetration in the internal medium through pulmonary channels. Diagnosis in blood was easy by putting this organism in culture. This method had an astonishing power of reproduction. This search fortunately completes the series about diatoms by means of corroboration on the diagnosis of drowning. 相似文献
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The successful extraction of DNA from historical or ancient animal bone is important for the analysis of discriminating genetic markers. Methods used currently rely on the digestion of bone with EDTA and proteinase K, followed by purification with phenol/chloroform and silica bed binding. We have developed a simple concentrated hydrochloric acid-based method that precludes the use of phenol/chloroform purification and can lead to a several-fold increase in DNA yield when compared to other commonly used methods. Concentrated hydrochloric acid was shown to dissolve most of the undigested bone and allowed the efficient recovery of DNA fragments <100 bases in length. This method should prove useful for the recovery of DNAs from highly degraded animal bone, such as that found in historical or ancient samples. 相似文献
36.
The first part of this article describes Bayes' theorem and its practical application to scientific evidence. Secondly, statements proposed by European DNA laboratories are presented, analysed and commented upon. Finally, the authors reiterate their proposal of adopting a likelihood ratio framework justified by the usefulness of the approach in practical context of DNA cases. Note that this framework underlines the main questions the experts have to answer at trial: to what degree does the evidence support the prosecutor's hypothesis? and to what degree does the evidence support the defence's hypothesis? 相似文献
37.
Eric G. Lambert Nancy L. Hogan Shannon M. Barton Shanhe Jiang Lois Ventura Terry Nerbonne 《Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology》2007,22(2):91-101
Domestic violence cuts across all demographic groups. The factors related to why police officers arrest in some domestic violence
situations but not others have been often studied. Little research, however, has been conducted on the arrest views of rural
police officers. One hundred seventy line officers in six rural Midwestern counties were surveyed to determine the impact
of officer personal characteristics and agency type on arrest decisions in various hypothetical domestic violence scenarios.
First, the same situational factors appeared to be important in shaping the arrest decision in domestic violence calls of
rural officers as have previously been found with urban officers. Second, the characteristics of officers and the type of
agency had some impact on the likelihood of arrest, particularly if there was evidence of a physical assault. Third, the presence
of evidence of a physical assault helped shape the arrest decisions of rural officers. Fourth, situational factors were more
important than officer characteristics and the type of agency.
Nancy Hogan and Shannon Barton contributed equally to the paper. The authors thank Janet Lambert for editing and proofreading
the paper. The authors also thank the anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions. 相似文献
38.
We consider a rent-seeking contest in which one player has private information about his own valuation of the prize. This valuation may be either high or low. All other players have a known and identical valuation of the prize. We present necessary and sufficient conditions under which the privately informed player exerts a positive or zero equilibrium effort. 相似文献
39.
The impact of distributive and procedural justice on correctional staff job stress, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Correctional staff are the heart and soul of any correctional facility. While there was a significant body of research on the impact of the work environment on correctional staff, this study sought to expand that knowledge by examining the effects of distributive and procedural justice on correctional staff job stress, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment. Multivariate models were estimated. Both forms of organizational justice had negative effects on job stress and organizational commitment; however, only procedural justice, but not distributive justice, had a significant impact on job satisfaction. 相似文献
40.
Lois A. Ventura Eric Lambert Tricia M. White Kimberly Skinner 《American Journal of Criminal Justice》2007,31(2):37-48
This study explores the pre-arrest domestic violence victimization and attitudes towards domestic violence reported by women
and men confined in a Midwestern metropolitan jail. Results indicated that women in the jail sample had more fear for the
safety of battered women than men in the jail sample. Women in jail were more likely than men in jail to view the legal system
as a deterrent to domestic violence. Logistic regression models were constructed to explore associations between jail detainees’
pre-arrest experiences of domestic violence and their gender, age, education, race, parental status and other violent victimizations.
The variables associated with pre-arrest domestic violence victimization were being a woman, a parent, a victim rape and a
victim of threats with a deadly weapon. 相似文献