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81.
The dual processes of rapidly transforming cities and administrative decentralisation demands that local government address human mobility as a means of countering urban poverty. Despite this imperative, local authorities are often poorly equipped to address the needs of poor and transient residents. Through an examination of four South African municipalities, this article helps to identify three critical factors working against effective responses: poor data and conceptual bias; institutional ambiguities and budgeting processes; and, ironically, participatory planning. Although any one of these could serve as a basis for an article, by taking them together, we better summarise the challenges' scope and outline areas for further research and policy intervention. The article concludes by considering these findings' practical and scholarly implications. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
82.
Jean Grugel 《Economy and Society》2013,42(2):209-231
Abstract New forms of regionalism are now a central element in global governance. It is sometimes suggested that new regionalism represents an opportunity for transnational civil society activism. I explore this argument through a comparison of processes of collective action in two emerging frames of regionalism governance in the Americas, the FTAA/Summit of the Americas and Mercosur. I show that, while civil society activism has regionalized to some extent in relation to both hemispheric regionalism and sub-regionalism, this process is far more marked in the former. I suggest, further, that the influence of civil society actors in regionalist governance in the Americas is extremely limited. This is due to persistent institutional barriers to inclusion, the practical obstacles for many groups of scaling up to the regional/transnational level and the particular difficulties associated with accessing trade-based negotiations. 相似文献
83.
Baudrillard Jean 《Economy and Society》2013,42(4):447-455
In the millennial countdown the time remaining is already past, and the maximal utopia of life gives way to the minimal utopia of survival. This is the paradox of the achieved utopia which puts an end to the utopian dimension. It creates an impossible situation, in the sense that it exhausts historical possibilities. 相似文献
84.
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86.
Jean Bouinot 《Local Government Studies》2013,39(3):59-72
The local government 'modernisation agenda' has important implications for research in local government, a function which has been neglected in recent years. This article argues that modernisation, especially Best Value, requires authorities to develop as 'intelligent learning organisations' and to build the capacity for research to support processes of learning and improvement. Based on the findings of recent research, the article discusses lessons for local government in enhancing research capacity and utilisation, referring both to internal factors and to the potential for collaborative arrangements. It is concluded that central government might do more to assist the development of such capacity but ultimately authorities' approach to research must be developed to support achievement of their defined purpose, role and objectives. 相似文献
87.
The Speaking for Themselves (SFT) project sought to enhance the physical, emotional, and psychological safety of children exposed to domestic violence and high conflict custody and access disputes. Children were provided with both a trauma therapist and a lawyer, in an attempt to ensure their well-being while providing decision-makers with reliable and authentic information about these children’s circumstances. This project was an attempt to balance the “best interests” approach applied in family law decision-making with the value placed on a child’s right to be heard, an approach espoused by children’s rights advocates. This article presents the SFT philosophy, model program, and evaluation results. 相似文献
88.
This article uses empirical evidence from rural Tuscany in the 15th century to compare three frameworks for conceptualizing household strategies: Chayanov's analysis of the domestic economy, Bourdieu's treatment of social reproduction, and Weber's distinction between budgetary units and profit-making enterprises. Although Bourdieu's framework did not work well in this context because there was little evidence that peasants employed strategies to prevent the division of land, there was considerable evidence to support Chayanov and Weber. As Chayanov predicted, many households allocated labor according to a tradeoff between providing for family members and avoiding drudgery. The Weberian perspective also worked well because it explained why these smallholders often divided their holdings and used money in their household strategies. 相似文献
89.
Stephan Pommier M.D. ; Pascal Adalian Ph.D. ; Jean Gaudart M.D. Ph.D. ; Michel Panuel M.D. Ph.D. ; Marie-Dominique Piercecchi-Marti M.D. Ph.D. ; Georges Leonetti M.D. Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2009,54(1):7-12
Abstract: This study evaluates a new method of fetal age estimation based on orbital measurement and including the potential trisomy 21 of the fetus. Six orbital and one facial CT-scan measurements were taken on 71 fetuses ranging from 14 to 41 weeks of gestational age. Forty-eight fetuses were "normal" and 23 fetuses presented the Down syndrome (trisomy 21). The anatomy/imagery correspondence was evaluated comparing our results to those obtained by direct bone measurements on the same fetuses and revealed no significant differences between the two kinds of measurements. Moreover, a multiple linear stepwise regression was realized to estimate fetal age and showed that the "trisomy 21 parameter" is not conserved in the final determination model. Therefore, we conclude that the good radio-anatomical correspondence offers an interesting alternative to direct bone measurement (necessitating dissections) and allows a reliable fetal age determination, whatever is the trisomy 21 condition of the fetus. 相似文献
90.
Christopher J. Sullivan Jean Marie McGloin James V. Ray Michael S. Caudy 《Journal of Quantitative Criminology》2009,25(4):419-441
Offending specialization continues to be a subject of empirical inquiry for scholars interested in criminal careers. Early
research consistently spoke to the generality of offending profiles, but more recent work has revealed somewhat mixed findings.
These results have emerged alongside newly developed and applied methods that detect and describe offending specialization.
To what extent these methods shape divergent conclusions and/or provide overlapping insight remains unclear, however. Therefore,
the degree to which more recent inquiries are actually studying the same operational definition of specialization is unknown.
In order to consider this issue further, this study utilizes four frequently applied approaches with a single data set. The
study indicates when and where findings converge and also describes any unique insights provided by each method. The work
concludes with a discussion surrounding the utility of applying multiple strategies in assessing specialization in criminal
offending. 相似文献