论志愿服务的常态化与可持续发展

作为一种推动人类发展和社会进步的高尚行动,志愿服务是爱心、良知、奉献和人性美的一种展现。志愿服务在弥补政府失灵,促进社会和谐与进步,弘扬人类真善美等方面具有积极的作用。我国的志愿服务事业正处于刚刚起步阶段,面临诸多的问题和发展困境,如参与机制不健全、社会参与面不广、人才流动过快、资金匮乏和不足、相关法律及伦理规范缺失、行政化倾向严重、管理体制与机制不健全、服务网络不完备等,严重影响和制约了志愿服务事业的发展。建立和健全志愿服务的长效发展机制,促进志愿服务的常态化与可持续发展,是我国志愿服务事业健康发展的必然要求和战略需要。     

论美国公共服务改革及其理论的新发展

美国公共服务改革是在特定的历史背景下,以“有限政府”理论、“企业化政府”理论和放松规制理论指导下进行的以民营化为手段,以顾客为导向,以竞争促效率的政府重塑运动。虽然成绩显赫,但新公共服务理论的出现,使我们对20多年公共服务改革核心价值进行更多的反思。     

功能性限定特征的审查与保护范围之探讨

功能性限定特征这一用语在专利领域中已经使用多年,但是目前尚无明确定义。于2010年1月1日开始实施的《最高人民法院关于审理侵犯专利权纠纷案件应用法律若干问题的解释》中的第4条将功能性限定特征的保护范围解释为仅涵盖该功能或者效果的具体实施方式及其等同的实施方式,这与基于《专利审查指南》中关于技术特征是保护范围的传统理解不同,从而引起业界内的广泛争论。通过对功能性限定的内容的分析以及对比中美在功能性限定特征的相关规定上的差别,需要通过在立法和实务上对功能性限定特征进行明确界定,确定功能性限定特征的内容,从而使功能性限定特征的范围在审查程序和司法保护程序中相一致。     

国际青年运动发展概述

国际青年运动(以下简称"国际青运")作为国际政治运动的一部分,迄今已走过近百年的历程.近年来,伴随经济全球化和世界多极化进程的深入发展,国际青运发生了深刻变化,呈现出一些新的特点.适时回顾这一进程,发现其特点和发展规律,对于我们把握青年运动发展趋势、做好国内国际青年工作都具有十分重要的借鉴意义.     

Under the microscope: legal challenges to fingerprints and DNA as methods of forensic identification1

Suspects in legal cases can be identified by an ever‐growing list of novel methods. The most common techniques currently used include latent print and DNA analysis. Although standard fingerprinting entered the courtroom over a century ago, the admissibility of fingerprint evidence has undergone a period of intense scrutiny in the USA in recent years. In contrast, most challenges to DNA analysis as a science came during its inception in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Current challenges to fingerprint evidence attempt to discredit the science behind the theory whereas challenges to DNA evidence often bring into question the competency of the analyst. In either case, the lessons learned in various court systems give guidance for those implementing the newer emerging biometric identification technologies such as facial recognition systems, retinal scans and the like. The first section of this article deals with fingerprint analysis and recent challenges to fingerprint admissibility in US courts. The second section discusses the evolution of DNA analysis and relevant cases. The final section gives recommendations for emerging biometric technologies to follow to satisfy the standards set forth by the courts.     

Cosmetic agreements and the cracks beneath: ideological convergences and divergences in US and EU democracy promotion in civil society

This piece examines the substance of EU democracy promotion from a comparative point of view and from a perspective placing under inquiry the meaning of the idea of liberal democracy itself. Instead of assuming that the democratic ideal that the EU promotes (‘liberal democracy’) has a clear, fixed meaning, the article examines in detail what actually constitutes the ‘ideal of democracy’ at the heart of EU democracy promotion, and compares this vision to that which informs the democracy promotion of the US. It argues that interesting differences, and shifts and oscillations, in the models of liberal democracy that the EU and the US promote exist and that these are important to note in order for us to fully appreciate how the substance of EU and US democracy support can be shaped by conceptual and ideological debate on the meaning of democracy. This dynamic is particularly relevant today, in the context of the recent attempts to develop transatlantic dialogue on democracy support. This dialogue, it is suggested, plasters over some subtle but important ideological cracks over what is meant by democracy in EU and US democracy support.     

以人为本,推进制度化一体化——东盟2008年回顾与2009年展望

2008年,面对世界金融危机、能源和粮食价格上涨的影响,东盟仍然按计划推进一体化进程,在机制化建设、经贸、投资、安全、环境、健康卫生、人力资源开发、教育、能源和粮食安全、灾害管理、次区域合作、国际热点问题等各领域加强成员国间以及与对话伙伴的合作,凸显以人为本理念,增强东盟意识,取得了明显成效,有效地推进了东盟共同体的建设.     

Time,work and money in a Tuscan co‐operative

This article describes how and why a small group of farming families in southern Tuscany collectivised their production and formed an agricultural co‐operative in 1980. The attempt to build socialism on one hillside is entirely untypical of the area, but it does provide a vantage point for examining the general post‐war transformation of Tuscan agriculture, and revealing changes in production and the household with the growth of market relations. The concluding section concentrates particularly on changes in the organisation and purpose of work.