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11.
The question of when adolescence ends and young adulthood begins is considered. Throughout, it is addressed in terms of the theory of broad and narrow socialization, which emphasizes the cultural context of development. The question is approached from cognitive, emotional, and behavioral perspectives, then from the perspective of role transitions (such as marriage and parenthood). The idea of an extended path from adolescence to adulthood is discussed, and the concept of emerging adulthood is presented. It is suggested that in most non-Western cultures the entrance to adulthood is socially defined and marked by a social event, usually marriage. In the contemporary West, however, where there is a strong emphasis on independence and individualism, the entrance to adulthood is defined and marked individually. Consequently, it is likely to be based on the achievement of residential and financial independence as well as on the attainment of cognitive self-sufficiency, emotional self-reliance, and behavioral self-control. Thus in the contemporary West the passage from adolescence to young adulthood is a process that is gradual and may take many years.This research was funded partly by an institutional training grant from the National Institute of Mental Health 5T32 MH14668-14, for the Clinical Research Training Program in Adolescence, jointly sponsored by the Department of Psychiatry at Northwestern University and the Committee on Human Development at the University of Chicago.Received Ph.D. from University of Virginia, Research interests include adolescent reckless behavior, adolescents' uses of media, and the transition to adulthood.Research interests include the transition to adulthood and development in young adulthood. 相似文献
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13.
Claire E.V. French Cynthia G. Jensen Susan K. Vintiner Douglas A. Elliot Susan R. McGlashan 《Forensic Science International Supplement Series》2008,178(1):1-6
There are a number of forensic cases in which the identification of the epithelial cell type from which DNA originated would provide important probative evidence. This study aimed to develop a technique using histological staining of fixed cells to distinguish between skin, buccal and vaginal epithelium. First, 11 different stains were screened on formalin-fixed, wax-embedded cells from five women. Samples were analysed qualitatively by examining staining patterns (colour) and morphology (absence or presence of nuclei). Three of the staining methods – Dane's, Csaba's and Ayoub-Shklar – were successful in distinguishing skin epithelial cells from buccal and vaginal. Second, cells were smeared directly onto slides, fixed with one of five fixatives and stained with one of the three stains mentioned above. Methanol fixation, coupled with the Dane's staining method, specific to keratin, was the only technique that distinguished between all three cell types. Skin cells stained magenta, red and orange and lacked nuclei; buccal cells stained predominantly orange–pink with red nuclei; while vaginal cells stained bright orange with orange nuclei and a blue extracellular hue. This staining pattern in vaginal cells was consistent in samples collected from 50 women aged between 18 and 67. Identification of cell type from unlabelled micrographs by 10 trained observers showed a mean success rate of 95%. The results of this study demonstrate that histological staining may provide forensic scientists with a technique for distinguishing between skin, buccal and vaginal epithelial cells and thus would enable more conclusive analyses when investigating sexual assault cases. 相似文献
14.
J. Martin Jensen 《政策研究评论》1987,6(4):705-711
The Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA), passed by Congress in 1982, is significant federal employment and training legislation for a number of reasons. Most noticeably, it substantially enhanced private sector and state government roles in the administration of such programs. In order to understand both the programmatic impact of JTPA and its likely consequences on subsequent federal employment and training initiatives, it is necessary to look at the politics of the legislation-especially those interests that are strongly represented through its implementation and those that are not. By doing this, one obtains a better sense of the dimensions of conflict around future employment and training legislation. General guidelines within which Congress should act in subsequent legislative activity are laid out. 相似文献
15.
16.
Public Administration research in Denmark has a relatively short history. It was first initiated in the 1970s and was developed from public law. However, from an initial homogeneity it has become increasingly pluralistic in its approach due to three factors: a strong orientation towards the study of institutional reform in the public sector, inspiration from the international literature and the specific institutional set up of the academic community that divides it into separate schools. It is possible to distinguish three trends in today's Danish Public Administration research. These trends are inspired by historical institutionalism, rational choice institutionalism and sociological institutionalism, respectively. What is needed in the future is an increased dialogue between these trends. The purpose of the dialogue should not be to reach for a new homogeneity but to increase the critical debate among different schools in order to increase the general quality of public administration research in Denmark. 相似文献
17.
Untreated traumatic rupture of the aorta generally results in sudden death. A case with 14 years' survival after an unrecognized traumatic rupture of the aorta is presented. Chronic traumatic aneurysm of the aorta should be kept in mind in a patient who develops sudden symptoms of arteriosclerotic heart disease months to years after a relevant thoracic trauma. 相似文献
18.
Bernal LP Borjas L Zabala W Portillo MG Fernández E Delgado W Tovar F Lander N Chiurillo MA Ramírez JL García O 《Forensic science international》2006,161(1):60-63
Allele frequencies for 15 short tandem repeats (STRs) autosomal loci (D8S1179, D21S11, D7S820, CSF1PO, D3S1358, TH01, D13S317, D16S539, D2S1338, D19S433, vWA, TPOX, D18S51, D5S818 and FGA, included in the AmpFLSTR Identifiler, Applied Biosystems) were studied in the city of Maracaibo, Venezuela and were compared with other published Latin-American populations for the same loci. Population and forensic parameters were estimated. 相似文献
19.
Several recent studies show European university scientists contributing far more frequently to company-owned patented inventions
than they do to patents owned by universities or by the academic scientists themselves. Recognising the significance of this
channel for direct commercialisation of European academic research makes it important to understand its response to current
Bayh-Dole inspired reforms of university patenting rights. This paper studies the contribution from university scientists
to inventions patented by dedicated biotech firms (DBFs) specialised in drug discovery in Denmark and Sweden, which in this
respect share a number of structural and historic characteristics. It examines effects of the Danish Law on University Patenting
(LUP) effective January 2000, which transferred to the employer university rights to patents on inventions made by Danish
university scientists alone or as participants in collaborative research with industry. Sweden so far has left property rights
with academic scientists, as they also were in Denmark prior to the reform. Consequently, comparison of Danish and Swedish
research collaboration before and after LUP offers a quasi-controlled experiment, bringing out effects on joint research of
university IPR reform. In original data on all 3,640 inventor contributions behind the 1,087 patents filed by Danish and Swedish
DBFs 1990–2004, Difference-in-Difference regressions uncover notable LUP-induced effects in the form of significant reductions
in contributions from Danish domestic academic inventors, combined with a simultaneous substitutive increase of non-Danish
academic inventors. A moderate increase in academic inventions channelled into university owned-patents does appear after
LUP. But the larger part of the inventive potential of academia, previously mobilised into company-owned patents, seems to
have been rendered inactive as a result of the reform. As a likely explanation of these effects the paper suggests that exploratory
research, the typical target of joint university-DBF projects in drug discovery, fits poorly into LUP’s requirement for ex
ante allocation of IPR. The Pre-LUP convention of IPR allocated to the industrial partner in return for research funding and
publication rights to the academic partner may have offered more effective contracting for this type of research. There are
indications that LUP, outside the exploratory agenda of drug discovery, offers a more productive framework for inventions
requiring less complicated and uncertain post-discovery R&D.
相似文献
Finn ValentinEmail: |
20.
Vertus Saint‐Louis Ph.D. Jensen O. Auguste B.S. Bruce A. Jackson Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2012,57(6):1457-1466
Abstract: Very little genetic data exist on Haitians, an estimated 1.2 million of whom, not including illegal immigrants, reside in the United States. The absence of genetic data on a population of this size reduces the discriminatory power of criminal and missing‐person DNA databases in the United States and Caribbean. We present a forensic population study that provides the first genetic data set for Haiti. This study uses hypervariable segment one (HVS‐1) mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) nucleotide sequences from 291 subjects primarily from rural areas of northern and southern Haiti, where admixture would be minimal. Our results showed that the African maternal genetic component of Haitians had slightly higher West‐Central African admixture than African‐Americans and Dominicans, but considerably less than Afro‐Brazilians. These results lay the foundation for further forensic genetics studies in the Haitian population and serve as a model for forensic mtDNA identification of individuals in other isolated or rural communities. 相似文献