SECRETARY OF STATE MARSHALL,GENERAL CLAY,AND THE MOSCOW COUNCIL OF FOREIGN MINISTERS MEETING OF 1947: A RESPONSE TO PHILIP ZELIKOW

This commentary challenges the major conclusion of a 1997 article which appeared in this journal. There, Philip Zelikow argued that previous treatments of the Council of Foreign Ministers 1947 meeting in Moscow erred in their characterization of the role of US Secretary of State Marshall. Earlier studies, in Zelikow’s view, failed to understand that Marshall, refusing to be constrained by the recently announced containment policy, made a serious effort to meet Soviet demands for reparations from current German output. It is contended here that a review of the evidence, especially materials from the John Foster Dulles papers and from British archives, does not support Zelikow’s conclusion.     

围绕坚定“四信”深入学习贯彻党的十八大精神

深入学习贯彻党的十八大精神,需要深刻认识根本指导,更加坚定对马克思主义的信仰；深刻认识根本成就,更加坚定对中国特色社会主义的信念；深刻认识根本经验,更加坚定对改革开放和社会主义现代化建设的信心；深刻认识根本保证,更加坚定对党中央的信赖.     

The nature and significance of workforce diversity: Orientations of state and urban administrators

“Workforce Diversity” and “Managing Diversity” are multifaceted constructs. Workforce diversity is the resultant of three component forces of change: demographic projections, active representation, and workplace values. The significance of managing diversity not only rests on the understanding of these forces but also on the strategies designed to affect them.The orientation and preference of practicing administrators are important indicators for the choice of strategies and their institutionalization. Survey data on state and urban administrators reveal that a majority remain unfamiliar with workforce diversity and their support for diversity management strategies also remains weak. Within their pattern of support, empowerment strategies that focus on professional development seem to be the preferred means of diversity management.     

Cultural heritage conservation during emergency management: luxury or necessity?

Annually, natural disasters cause loss of life, damage to property, and damage to the environment. Concomitant is damage to the cultural heritage property, both items and places. Yet in the wake of a disaster, containment and response efforts put additional cultural resources at risk--usually due to ignorance rather than malice on the part of the disaster manager or the property owners. This paper reviews the effects of natural disasters on heritage sites and argues for increased awareness and training for disaster managers.     

辅警队伍职业化的困境与路径探析

辅警队伍是警力的重要补充,对维护社会稳定发挥了重要作用,但辅警队伍建设也面临着许多困境,如辅警招录体制还不健全,队伍正规化建设亟待完善,辅警文化建设缺失,后勤保障不利等。辅警队伍建设必须走职业化道路,要着重完善招录机制,吸引更多符合公安工作需要的人员加入辅警队伍,以提高政治待遇、物质待遇等为保障。此外,还要强化辅警文化建设,加强与群众沟通,促进与媒体合作等,为辅警的职业发展探寻更宽泛的空间和良好的职业环境。