Sequences of the Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit I (COI) Gene are Suitable for Species Identification of Korean Calliphorinae Flies of Forensic Importance (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

Abstract:  Calliphorinae fly species are important indicators of the postmortem interval especially during early spring and late fall in Korea. Although nucleotide sequences of various Calliphorinae fly species are available, there has been no research on the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) nucleotide sequences of Korean Calliphorinae flies. Here, we report the full-length sequences of the COI gene of four Calliphorinae fly species collected in Korea (five individuals of Calliphora vicina , five Calliphora lata , four Triceratopyga calliphoroides and three Aldrichina grahami ). Each COI gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction and directly sequenced and the resulting nucleotide sequences were aligned and analyzed by MEGA4 software. The results indicate that COI nucleotide sequences can be used to distinguish between these four species. Our phylogenetic result coincides with recent taxonomic views on the subfamily Calliphorinae in that the genera Aldrichina and Triceratopyga are nested within the genus Calliphora .     

Direct and non-linear innovation effects of demographic shifts

A varied set of pressures drive organizational innovation. Among these pressures, demographic shifts seem to boost innovation, as the public sector responds to the arrival of migrants and to community changes in race and ethnic composition. However, we know little about innovation by governments in response to expected population decline. In particular, studies have under-examined how anticipated demographic pressures prompt public organizations to innovate. This study undertakes this task by arguing that innovation is more visible in municipalities facing greater anticipated demographic decline. However, we also argue for a non-linear relationship in which too strong and/or too weak expected demographic declines lead to less visible innovation (inverted U-shape effect). These propositions were tested with a data set of Japanese municipalities and employing a dose–response model. Findings show that anticipated demographic declines directly boost innovation visibility. However, too strong and/or too weak unexpected demographic declines make innovation less visible.     

Poverty Reduction in Vietnam and the Role of Public Administration

Vietnam has attained impressive results in poverty reduction. The poverty rate has decreased from about 58% in 1993 to 3% in 2015. This article examines Vietnam’s poverty reduction achievement and several of the factors that have underpinned it. It also examines the contemporary difficulties faced by the Vietnam government in further reducing poverty. In particular, this commentary assesses the role of public administration in poverty reduction, considering the role of administrative reform, decentralisation and ensuring good governance for poverty reduction. In assessing the present situation, the article discusses some of the limitations of poverty reduction strategy and emerging challenges for public administration.     

The EU’s preferential trade agreements with Singapore and Vietnam. Market vs. normative imperatives†

By negotiating Free Trade Agreements the EU aspires both to increase the competitiveness of its industry and contribute to sustainable development in the partner country. It pursues a flexible approach to norm promotion which aims at supporting developing countries in their attempt to adjust to international standards. Ideational and institutionalist scholars interpreted this approach as a manifestation of its normative power. We show that in the negotiations with Singapore and Vietnam the positions of the EU were not consistent with its declared goals, since they put stronger pressures upon Vietnam to adjust to regulatory standards. We explain this lack of consistency as the result of different patterns of interest group mobilization in the two negotiations. Those patterns, in turn, depend upon the bargaining power the EU has with single trade partners, competition between the EU and third countries, especially the US, and the structure of the economy of the trade partners.     

Adolescents’ Daily Romantic Experiences and Negative Mood: A Dyadic,Intensive Longitudinal Study

Romantic relationships, although increasingly normative during adolescence, also present unique developmental challenges that can portend psychological difficulties. Underlying these difficulties may be the degree to which daily romantic transactions potentiate fluctuations in negative mood. The present study examined associations between adolescents’ daily romantic relationship experiences and their same-day negative affective states (i.e., fluctuations in high-arousal, aversive mood). Using a dyadic ecological momentary assessment (EMA) design, this study followed an ethnically and socioeconomically diverse sample of 98 adolescent romantic couples twice weekly for 12 weeks (n?=?196 individuals; M_age?=?16.74 years, SD?=?0.90; 45% Latina/o, 45% White; 55% receiving free or reduced meals). The results indicated that various daily romantic experiences (e.g., conflict, feelings about the relationship) predicted greater same-day negative affect. Beyond the effects of these romantic experiences, adolescent couples were also synchronized in their fluctuating negative affective states, evidencing the presence of emotional contagion. Overall, the findings indicate the salience of romantic relationships in the everyday lives of adolescents.     

An analysis of repressed inflation in two transition economies

We construct a simple model that tests for repressed inflation by estimating a “true” rate of inflation that explains behavior of observed money demand. We estimate the model using quarterly data for Czechoslovakia and Poland. Although our results should be viewed as preliminary, given the imperfect nature of our data, we do have strong evidence that, prior to 1991, there was considerable repressed inflation in Poland, while there was essentially no repressed inflation in Czechoslovakia.     

动产抵押若干问题研究

<正> 动产抵押是曾一度存在于古罗马法中的重要担保制度,但滥觞于《法国民法典》的近代民法传统却对之采取了根本否定的态度。《中华人民共和国担保法》(以下简称《担保法》)规定了动产抵押,但在体例安排上未臻完善,相关条文过于概括简略,从而限制了这一颇有生命力的制度在实际生活中发挥更大的作用。本文围绕着有关动产抵押的几个实践、理论意义较大的问题,谈点浅见。 一、动产抵押制度的产生 动产抵押是指债务人或第三人不转移动产的占有,将该财产作为债权的担保。债务人不履行债务时,债权人有权依法以该动产的折价或者以拍卖该财产的价款优先受偿的一项制度。该制度是对自《法国民法典》以来近代大陆法系民法传统的突破,弥补了“民法上否认不移转占有动产担保化的欠缺”     

青壮年猝死综合征心肌细胞内纤维连接蛋白免疫组化观察初探

本文应用免疫组化ＬＳＡＢ法首次对５例青壮年碎死综合征和１１例非心性死亡对照组进行心肌细胞内纤维连接蛋白的研究。发现青壮年猝死综合征５例中有３例心肌细胞内纤维连接蛋白阳性。１１例非心性死、对照组心肌细胞内纤维连接蛋白均呈阴性。说明上述３例青壮年猝死综合征的心肌细胞已发生不可逆损伤，实属早期心肌梗死。该研究为青壮年猝死综合征的死因研究提供了一个新的方向和手段。     

论具有人格利益的财产

The traditional theory of property and tort law generally denies personality interests in property. In recent years, legislative and judicial practices at home and abroad have turned to care for personality interests in property and to protect it. The property with personality interests can be classified into four categories, namely, (a) property with personality symbolism, (b) property with specific human emotion, (c) property originated from specific human body, and (d) intellectual property from specific human wisdom, the first two of which internalize external matters and the last two externalize the inherent self. Comparing with fungible property, the property with personality interests on the basic of facts and law shall be more protected in legislative and judicial practices. Zhou Qiong, Ph.D. of law, studies at Huazhong University of Science and Technology. She also serves as editor of the Private Law Review. Ms Zhou’s research interests focus on civil law in general and tort law in particular. She has released several articles on civil law and science & technology law, and she is also one of the co-authors of Science and Technology Law (Hep, 2006). Moreover, she got the title of Top Ten Academic Achievements from Huazhong University of Science and Technology (2007).     

IMF and the crisis of the marginalized urban sector in Korea

The “Asian economic crisis” brought with it horrendous social consequences in Korea such as mass unemployment, unparalleled rises in poverty, diminished social services, rising school dropouts, increasing suicide rates, divorce and domestic violence. The primary aim of this study is to identify policies that would ameliorate these effects on the urban poor in Korea. In order to do so, we clarify how the nature and magnitude of urban low-income households in Korea have changed since the economic crisis. After providing an overview of macroeconomic events associated with the crisis and the main links between these events and economic conditions of the urban poor, we identify the socioeconomic characteristics and changes of household income for the urban poor during the crisis periods, 1997–1999. We investigate how the IMF program has changed the lives of the low-income households by adopting regression analyses and the decomposition method. The study concludes with key policy issues that would help prevent or offset the deterioration of the urban poor in Korea.