论纵向非价格限制的反垄断规制

纵向非价格限制是市场竞争中的常见形式,但主要法域的法律实施对现实回应缺乏有效性和连贯性,中国《反垄断法》亦未对其作出明文规定而使法律实施处于不确定状态。比较分析欧盟法和美国法就纵向非价格限制的规制发展出来的逻辑与经验类型,可以确立:以品牌内竞争限制为起点从而影响品牌间竞争的经销限制应为纵向非价格限制反垄断规制的规范类型。进而,对其实施反垄断规制的进路,应以“品牌内-品牌间”竞争为分析主轴,考察规制的结构性因素和规制区间,分析反竞争影响与层次、确认效率及其促进竞争转化。最后,至关重要的是,要明确纵向垄断协议作为独立规范类型的内在逻辑、形成区格于横向垄断协议和滥用市场支配地位的分析方法。     

Associations Between Smoking and Extreme Dieting Among Adolescents

This study examined the association between cigarette smoking and dieting behaviors and trends in that association among US adolescents in grades 9–12 between 1999 and 2007. Youth Risk Behavior Survey datasets were analyzed using the multivariable logistic regression method. The sample size of each survey year ranged from 13,554 to 15,273 with girls representing 49–51% of the sample (N = 71,854). About 62% of the entire study participants were whites and 14% were blacks. Prevalence estimates of current smoking and corresponding 95% confidence intervals were computed across four comparison groups formed by gender and body weight. Extreme dieting was an independent predictor of smoking. Extreme dieters showed a higher variability of smoking behavior than their peers. The magnitude of the association between smoking and extreme dieting became smaller in recent years among adolescents but remained unchanged among non-overweight girls over that same time period. When adolescent smoking behavior is examined, the intensity of dieting behavior should be considered within its association with other co-occurring unhealthy behaviors.     

预算立宪原理

代议机关对行政机关收入的决定权,代议机关对行政机关支出计划的决定权,预算的制定程序,预算的执行和预算执行情况的监督,都是宪法应该直接规定的问题.或者说,这五大问题都是宪法问题.它们合起来构成预算制度.只有宪法对这些问题直接予以规定,才从宪法层面完整地抓住了预算制度的要害,赋予代议机关对财政的完整控制权.宪法这样完整地规定代议机关的财政决定权有两个积极意义:一是从宪法层面解决财政的民主性问题,借以促使政府民主执政;二是从宪法层面解决财政的法治性问题,借以促使政府依法执政.     

论地下六合彩的危害性根源及防范对策

地下六合彩严重扰乱了我国农村、中小城市等地区的正常生产、生活秩序,是建设社会主义新农村、构建和谐社会的一大障碍。因此,必须加强对地下六合彩相关问题的研究,以寻找其不断蔓延的根源,并提出有效的防范打击对策。     

我国矫正教育制度的反思与重构

矫正教育是监狱权的行使方式之一,是利用道德的“软力量”对罪犯进行教化,从而达到罪犯再社会化的目的。深化的复归理论、教育刑理论、刑罚人道化思想从不同的角度和侧面共同作用、合力支持着矫正教育的理论。我国的矫正教育制度基本上符合矫正教育的理念和世界各国普遍的作法,但由于受立法时各种条件的局限,在立法理念、立法技术和制度保障方面还存在着一定的缺陷,对此在以后的矫正教育制度设计中应给予必要的关注。     

交通肇事逃逸性质研究

交通肇事罪已成为一种高发犯罪,其行为本身造成的人身财产损失已令人痛心,而逃逸行为更是为良知和法律所不能容忍。从逃逸行为被纳入刑法的调整范围到最高人民法院司法解释的逐渐细化,逃逸问题凸显其重要性。然而,由于立法技术的问题,司法解释规定逃逸的相关条款在实践应用中问题频出。所以,很有必要还原逃逸行为本来之面目,对逃逸行为进行细致研究和重新厘清。     

后黎至阮初越南封建统治者建构越南主流意识形态——儒学的主要措施

早在公元前3世纪秦汉时期,儒家思想就从中原传到交趾地区。自此到公元968年越南独立后的丁朝和前黎朝,直至前黎朝被李朝取代的公元1009年,为时一千多年,是儒学南传的第一阶     

网络问政的政府回应逻辑：公开承诺压力与选择性回应——基于66个政府网站领导信箱的实验设计

立足我国制度环境与行政体制,建构了网络问政领导信箱回应运行理论框架,提出影响回应绩效五个影响因素,包括行政系统区域特点与领导者特质两个内部因素,外部因素包括政治压力、舆论压力及诉求压力三个维度。采用德尔菲法建构了领导信箱回应绩效指标体系,并采用实验设计搜集66个领导信箱网络问政回应的有效样本。实证结果显示：政治压力中的公开承诺程度对回应绩效有正向效应,诉求压力中的诉求类别对回应绩效有显著影响,政府回应存在“选择性回应”问题。为了进一步提升政府网站领导信箱的回应绩效,可以完善内部回应流程、公开对外服务承诺与建立自下而上回应性问责机制。     

论立法语言的模糊性

立法语言模糊性研究是法律语言研究的重要内容,消除立法语言的模糊性是司法公正的前提。立法语言模糊性表现在:语义模糊、语用模糊。立法语言模糊性有积极功能也有消极功能。消除立法语言的模糊性的建议是:通过立法解释、立法语言解释、借鉴国外相关立法经验,研究并提高立法水平和技术,让语言学者参与立法过程。     

How empowering leadership reduces employee silence in public organizations

The intentional withholding of critical work‐related information can have serious negative consequences in public organizations. Yet, few studies have examined why public employees intentionally remain silent about problems and how to prevent such behaviour. This article provides insights into how managers may lower employee silence in government organizations. We develop a model that suggests that empowering leadership by frontline supervisors reduces public employee silence, by improving employee trust in their supervisors, granting employees control over their jobs, and strengthening identification with the organization. We test the model in two cross‐sectional studies with data collected from all employees working in two local governments in the United States. We find empirical support for the model in both studies. We discuss the implications of the research results for public management scholarship and practice.