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121.
In 2017, Russian President Vladimir Putin declared that whichever country becomes the leader in artificial intelligence (AI) “will become the ruler of the world.” Yet Russia lags competitors like China and the United States substantially in AI capabilities. What is Russia's strategy for boosting development of AI technologies, and what role do groups within the Russian elite play in shaping this strategy? Russia's AI development strategy is unique in that it is led not by the government, nor by the private sector, but by state-owned firms. The government's distrust of Russia's largest tech firm, Yandex, has sidelined the company from national AI planning. Meanwhile, Russia's defense conglomerate Rostec publicly appears to focus less on artificial intelligence than on other high-tech priorities. As a result, Russia's AI development has been left to a state-owned bank, Sberbank, which has taken the lead in devising plans for government-backed investment in AI. 相似文献
122.
Scott R. Miller Volha Tserakhava Carlin J. Miller 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2011,40(4):442-452
Accumulating evidence suggests that parents may react differentially to children based on their children’s temperament, children’s
gender, and the interaction of these factors. Furthermore, parents’ differential reactions to their children have direct implications
for their children’s social success. The present study assessed the moderating influence of mothers’ and fathers’ psychological
control on the relationship between shy temperament and peer exclusion in grade five children (n = 153; 57% female), an age during which peer connections are particularly salient. Teachers reported on children’s shyness
and peer exclusion, and children reported on parents’ psychological control. Regression analyses showed fathers’ psychological
control to be associated with greater peer exclusion for males. Both mothers’ and fathers’ psychological control were associated
with peer exclusion for shy females. Results suggest the importance of parents considering how psychologically controlling
behaviors may work in concert with their children’s gender and temperament in influencing peer connections during the adolescent
transition. 相似文献
123.
Allgeier L Hemenway J Shirley N LaNier T Coyle HM 《Journal of forensic sciences》2011,56(5):1245-1249
The validity and feasibility of using DNA collection cards in the field for preservation and analysis of Cannabis sativa genotypes were investigated using a highly specific hexanucleotide marker. Collection cards were submitted to the National Marijuana Initiative, which selectively trained and managed the collection of specific types of samples from a variety of participating agencies. Samples collected at seizure sites included fresh marijuana leaf samples, dried "dispensary" samples, U.S. border seizures, and hashish. Using a standardized PCR kit with custom-labeled oligonucleotide primers specific to marijuana, collection cards produced eight genotypes and 13 different alleles, extremely low baselines, and no cross-reactivity with control plant species. Results were produced from all sample types with the exception of hashish. Plant DNA collection cards represent an easily implementable method for the genetic identification and relatedness of C. sativa street and grow site-seized samples with applications for databasing and market disruption. 相似文献
124.
Physical Abuse in a College Setting: A Study of Perceptions and Participation in Abusive Dating Relationships 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Laura M. Miller 《Journal of family violence》2011,26(1):71-80
This study explored the relationships between college students’ self-identification as recipients and/or perpetrators of abuse
in their dating relationships and abusive behaviors reported. A cross-sectional examination of 1,530 undergraduate students
was conducted. Results indicated that one in four college students were involved in a physically abusive dating relationship
(involving at least two acts of physically violent behavior), and that over 85% of them failed to self-identify as ever having
received and/or perpetrated any act of physical abuse. College students involved in abusive dating relationships were more
likely than those not in abusive dating relationships to be in a relationship of a longer duration, to have been in a previous
abusive dating relationship, and to be more accepting, in general, of physical abuse as a means of conflict resolution. 相似文献
125.
This study examines how the print media constructs signifiers of safety and danger for women. We analyze 155 news articles
regarding crime and criminal justice from 1970 to 1990 in Chatelaine magazine, a Canadian women’s periodical. Both content
and textual analyses are deployed to evaluate the media representations of crime and their role in facilitating images of
fear and safety. We show that the meanings associated with women’s danger and safety in news narratives are socially constructed
through claims, sources, content and culture. We find that news reporting did not initially incorporate signifiers of fear.
However, crime messages increasingly included images of fear in the later reporting period. We argue that the transformations
surrounding these images and texts are influenced by the rise in neoliberal thought in the 1980s. Our results indicate that
ideological struggles external to the media are crucial to the representation of crime, which ultimately influence signifiers
of danger and safety for women. 相似文献
126.
David M. Shumaker Christopher Miller Carolyn Ortiz Robin Deutsch 《Family Court Review》2011,49(1):46-58
Attachment theory is increasingly being considered when contemplating post‐divorce parenting plans. Historically, there has been a strong emphasis on assessing the strength of the parent‐child bond as well as a child's attachment style. Surprisingly little research has focused on sibling bonds and the implications for post‐divorce parenting plans. This article provides an overview of sibling attachment theory, sibling attachment considerations in foster care decisions, and the limited research examining sibling attachment in divorce and parenting schedules. Several key questions are offered for mental health and legal professionals to consider when factoring sibling relations into post‐separation parenting plans. 相似文献
127.
128.
Fewer Social Security Disability Insurance (DI) beneficiaries have their earnings suspended or terminated because of work than those who are actually working, partly because beneficiaries "park" earnings at a level below substantial gainful activity (SGA) to retain benefits. We assess the extent of parking by exploiting the 1999 change in the SGA earnings level from $500 to $700 monthly for nonblind beneficiaries using a difference-indifference analysis that compares two annual cohorts of beneficiaries who completed their trial work period, one that was affected by the SGA change and one that was not. Our impact estimates, along with results from other sources, suggest that from 0.2 to 0.4 percent of all DI beneficiaries were parked below the SGA level in the typical month from 2002 through 2006. The SGA change did not yield any difference in mean earnings, although it did result in a small reduction in months spent off of the rolls because of work. 相似文献
129.
Robert P. Ormrod Stephan C. Henneberg Nick Forward James Miller Leigh Tymms 《Journal of Public Affairs (14723891)》2007,7(3):235-248
- This study investigates the concept of political market orientation (PMO) in an untraditional setting, namely the 2005 contest for the leadership of the British Conservative Party. Based on a collective case‐study method, a content analysis of candidates' speeches and manifestos is provided. We operationalize four attitudinal constructs of a conceptual PMO model and adapt them to suit the novel campaign context. Our findings show further evidence for the existance of a ‘gravitational centre’ effect hypothesized in earlier studies. Furthermore, we qualify the concept of PMO through a long‐term focus and a context‐specific evaluation of the merits of alternative PMO profiles. Thus, the generic conceptual model of political market orientatation, which previously has only been used in the content of parties contesting a general election campaign, can be adapted to alternative campaign situations without a reduction in its explanatory power.
130.
Military enlistment programs offer offenders opportunities to serve in the armed forces as alternatives to traditional criminal sanctioning both prior and post adjudication. Offender enlistment as a form of diversion embodies a rehabilitative ideal but faces formidable cultural and institutional implementation barriers, including recruiting regulations, security clearance requirements, public relations considerations, and military distrust. This study explored the utility of offender enlistment as an emotionally intelligent justice system intervention. It is argued that offender enlistment addresses internal and external offender control deficits while avoiding the expense and stigma of incarceration. The policy implications of offender enlistment as normative practice are considered. 相似文献