Patterns of offending in urban and rural areas

Although the level of crime varies dramatically across the urban-rural dimension, little research has been directed at the issue of the patterns of offending across this dimension. Using National Crime Survey (NCS) victimization data, this paper examines to what extent the patterns of offending by particular age, race, and sex subgroups are similar in urban and rural areas. It was found that the patterns of age, race, and sex offending are essentially the same in both urban and rural areas. Particularly impressive is the consistency in the rankings (from high to low) of the propensity of offending in urban and rural areas when age, race, and sex were examined simultaneously. Also, these NCS data generally parallel Uniform Crime Reports arrest data with respect to the offender characteristics of age, race, and sex. This suggests that existing criminological theories can be applied to rural, as well as urban, crime patterns regarding the issue of offender characteristics.     

Middlemen of the Law: An Ethnographic Inquiry into the English Legal Profession

The accomplishments of empirical research are often presented in a context that fails to show the process by which the results came about. This article examines the problems, hitches, and struggles encountered in a research project carried out on the English bar. And emphasis is given to the difficulty of tackling hitherto unexplored occupations that have had a long history of resisting research.     

The role of coloured papers

Abstract. White, green and other coloured papers have been used by the government of Canada as a means of providing information on public policy and involving parliamentarians and interested groups and individuals in debates on policy issues. They have also been used as a basis for consultation with provincial governments. Although the government has issued papers on a wide variety of subjects over the years, no systematic procedures respecting their use as a policy technique have been established. Nevertheless, these papers have the potential of strengthening the role of Parliament in policy-making activities through debate and public discussion of issues. Some basic measures could be implemented to establish their regular application in policy formulation and review. Sommaire. Le gouvernement du Canada s'est servi de livres blancs, verts et d'autres couleurs pour fournir des renseignements sur les politiques publiques et pour faire participer parlementaires, groupes divers et individus à des débats sur des questions de poJitique générale. Il les a aussi utilisés comme base de discussion lors de consultations avec les gouvernements provinciaux. Le gouvemement a ainsi publié des “livres” sur toutes sortes de sujets au cours des années, mais n'a pas établi de procédures systématiques pour les utiliser en tant que techniques de prise de décision. Néanmoins, ces “livres” peuvent renforcer le rôle du Parlement dans la détermination des politiques, par le truchement du débat et de la discussion publique. Il devrait donc être possible d'adopter certaines mesures pour assurer leur usage régulier dans la formulation et l'examen des politiques.     

The psychodynamics of the presidential assassin and an examination of the theme/graphic variables of his threatening correspondence

A case of fatal Reye's syndrome presenting as the second sudden infant death in a family is described. The increasing interest in fatty change in the liver in cases of sudden infant death syndrome is noted and it is suggested that standardised interpretation of findings is essential if its significance is to be correctly evaluated.