Mediation by small states: Some lessons from the CSCE

Most writing on international mediation has tended to focus on either efforts by representatives of powerful states or of international organisations such as the United Nations. This study suggests we might benefit from looking at the mediatory role of small states in a relatively little studied but crucial forum. The writer draws of his personal experiences and the existing literature to examine the case of a few key states in the Madrid Review Conference of the CSCE. These states are suggested to have been primordial to the success of this conference, against all the odds given the Afghanistan and Polish crises of the early 1980s. The paper also discusses the extant literature on small states and mediation to make a plea for a more empirical approach to this area of conflict resolution.     

关于地方经济立法的几个基本问题的探讨

市场经济是法制经济,我们建立社会主义市场经济,首先必须加强法制建设,把市场经济纳入法制的轨道。立法是法运行的开端,加强法制建设必须加强立法工作,我国地域辽阔,各地区经济发展不平衡,所以在暂不便由国家先行立法或国家米不及立法的领域由地方先行经济立法,既保证了地方经济的发展,又为中央立法在该领域积累了实践经验。同时,地方经济立法又为国家法律的贯彻实施起到了重要的保障作用。因此对于地方经济立法的基本问题——地方经济立法的概念和特征,依据和原则,地位和作用的研究和探讨,就显得格外重要。     

Körner, Raimund/Vierhaus, Hans-Peter,unter Mitarbeit von v. Schweinitz, Sebastian: TEHG—Treibhausgas-Emissionshandelsgesetz, Zuteilungsgesetz 2007

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Die Eingriffsregelung zur Verringerung des Flächenverbrauchs

Zur Eind?mmung des zu hohen Fl?chenverbrauchs werden derzeit verschiedene Instrumente diskutiert. Die naturschutzrechtliche Eingriffsregelung spielt dabei eine eher untergeordnete Rolle. Ihre Regelungen werden für ausreichend gehalten und ihr besserer Vollzug angemahnt. Dabei wird übersehen, dass auch strukturelle Merkmale der Eingriffsregelung, beispielsweise ihre universelle Anknüpfung an s?mtliche Funktionen des Naturhaushalts, eine Nutzung als Fl?chensparinstrument behindern. Um die Eingriffsregelung zur Verringerung des Fl?chenverbrauchs zu nutzen, ist eine fl?chenbezogene Optimierung n?tig.     

Volunteerism and technology transfer: A case study

The withdrawl of Federal funds in a number of social service programs and state and local government budgets calls for an upsurge in volunteerism. Since August 1978, a Technical Volunteer Service (TVS) has been doing just that at one of the nation’s largest Federal laboratories. As measured by service to the community, acceptance by laboratory management, and satisfaction for the volunteers, this program has been an outstanding success. The time is ripe to transfer this program to other Federal laboratories, universities and industry. This paper describes the program and offers practical suggestions for its transfer to other organizations.     

The challenge of operations research in the developing country

The application of operations research/management science in the developing country has met with uneven success. Social, cultural, and political factors have constrained direct application of OR technology from industrialized countries to developing countries. Review of OR experience in the United States, especially pitfalls and successes of OR application, does provide significant information which can benefit the application of operations research in the developing country. Successful application of operations research is apt to be highly beneficial if operations researchers in the developing country can effectively deal with the challenges of cultural constraints, an uncertain decision environment, human resource management, and a bounded rationality unique to each developing country.     

催泪弹的战术应用和训练

催泪弹作为一种有效的驱逐性、制服性警械,是各国警察的基本装备。广泛应用于群体性突发事件和各类缉捕行动中。本文阐述了我国催泪弹使用的法律依据;催泪弹的作用功能和使用方式,基础训练,战术使用训练,非实弹辅助训练的几个方法,实弹训练的组织和应注意的问题等。对大练兵中催泪弹的基本教学和训练提供建设性意见。     

A general theory of interpersonal exchange

A general theory of interpersonal exchange is developed from a public goods, public choice point of view and within an analytical context that assesses both the benefits and the costs of social interaction. Social transaction benefits and costs are specified as a composite function of interpersonal bindingness, which itself depends upon five parameters. The model provides for the determination of an optimal personal degree of bindingness in a two-person relationship. Extensions encompass the more interesting reaction case, where two individuals each select their own optimal personal bindingness levels. Applications and conclusions complete the paper. qu]When love beckons to you, follow him, Though his ways are hard and steep ... For even as love crowns you so shall he crucify you. Even as he is for your growth so is he for your pruning. Kahlil Gibran The Prophet