生态博物馆本土化与民族地区新农村建设研究——以贵州省生态博物馆建设为例

贵州生态博物馆建设总结的"六枝原则",把生态博物馆社区管理模式本土化为政府主导的多A-参与模式,对喀斯特民族地区统筹文化遗产保护和社会经济发展做了有益探索.贵州生态博物馆建设所面临着很多问题,因此生态博物馆要与新农村建设有机结合,正确处理文化遗产保护中的"原真性"与"发展性"原则,跨越民族村寨发展阶段,建立喀斯特地区生态博物馆型新农村.     

俄罗斯卢布汇率安排的经济效应分析

俄罗斯转型时期的宏观经济波动与汇率制度安排之间存在着密切的关系.本文在评述新兴市场经济国家汇率制度选择困境和概述俄罗斯汇率制度演变的基础上,从汇率与通货膨胀、汇率与对外贸易、汇率与资本流入、汇率与外债规模结构变动等方面分析了汇率制度安排及汇率变动的宏观经济效应,并简要总结了俄罗斯的实践对中国的启示.     

中原油田劳务派遣工劳动权益问题的调研与思考

劳务派遣作为一种新型的、特殊的劳动用工形式,近年来在我国得到迅速发展,成为某些企业用工主流方式.劳务派遣工的劳动权益维护也逐渐成为一项社会问题,对于这一问题的解决,需要各界人士献计献策,需要党和国家的政策支持和各级工会组织的紧密配合.     

Class dynamics and ideological construction in the struggle over fairness: a neo-Gramscian examination of the Fairtrade initiative

This paper develops a neo-Gramscian conceptual framework in order to examine the ideological constructs and political dynamics that frame the day-to-day workings of the certification-based Fairtrade initiative. To accomplish this goal, the paper resorts to the notion of a ‘comprehensive concept of control’, which accounts for the main ideological elements that constitute the Fairtrade vision of the world. The analysis of these imaginaries is complemented with an examination of the concrete ways in which they have been institutionalized in the Fairtrade system and the specific power relations between class fractions they promote. This is followed by an exploration of the way in which Fairtrade articulates the contradictory interests of a variety of class fractions, bringing them together under the shared objective of advancing the situation of small producers and workers in the global South. The paper finishes with a reflection on the main limitations inherent to Fairtrade’s concept of control and the political dynamics it entails.     

The Effects of Doing More with Less in the Public Sector: Evidence from a Large‐Scale Survey

Since the onset of the Great Recession, “doing more with less” has become a policy mantra. To do more with less, a range of governments have concurrently imposed wage cuts and greater work demands on public employees. This article assesses the impact of these changes on the job satisfaction and work motivation of public employees in 34 European countries. Congruent with previous studies linking income and working hours with job attitudes, the article finds a negative impact on both. There are no free austerity lunches: while public employees may work longer hours for lower pay, they are less satisfied and less motivated when doing so. One caveat applies: the effect on motivation—although not satisfaction—is mitigated when employees feel that their values are aligned with those of their organization. This puts a premium on public managers fostering value alignment, particularly when it is hardest to achieve: in times of cutbacks.     

行政刑法视角下行政犯探究——从长春市一则案例引出

行政犯罪作为犯罪的一种,同时也是一种行政违法行为,具有双重违法性。为有效地惩处行政犯罪,其惩罚机制也有其特殊性。我国目前针对行政犯采用的是一种依附性的立法模式,就是有关于行政犯的基本罪状和法定刑都是在刑法典或刑法单行法规中规定的,只是在处罚罚则中对追究刑事责任做出笼统的宣告式表述,这种模式下激发成文法体制下刑法条文的机械化与行政法规灵活性之间的矛盾。针对我国的实际情况,笔者提出独立性的散在型立法方式,即坚持刑法典总则的原则性指导,在行政法律中设置具有独立罪名和法定刑的法律规范。这样有关行政犯的规定就可以不依附于任何其他的法律,直接依据该法规认定行政犯具体罪行的内容,有利于保持刑法相对稳定性的同时兼顾社会生活的发展与变化。     

Comparison of two methods for isolating DNA from human skeletal remains for STR analysis

Abstract: The quality and efficiency of a standard organic DNA isolation method and a silica‐based method using the QIAGEN Blood Maxi Kit were compared to obtain human DNA and short tandem repeats (STRs) profiles from 39 exhumed bone samples for paternity testing. DNA samples were quantified by real‐time PCR, and STR profiles were obtained using the AmpFlSTR^® Identifiler^® PCR amplification kit. Overall, the silica‐based method recovered less DNA ranging from 0 to 147.7 ng/g (average 7.57 ng/g, median = 1.3 ng/g) than did the organic method ranging from 0 to 605 ng/g (average 44.27 ng/g, median = 5.8 ng/g). Complete profiles (16/16 loci tested) were obtained from 37/39 samples (95%) using the organic method and from 9/39 samples (23%) with the silica‐based method. Compared with a standard organic DNA isolation method, our results indicate that the published silica‐based method does not improve neither the quality nor the quantity of DNA for STR profiling.     

GC/MS衍生化测定精浆中游离支链氨基酸和果糖

目的 建立人精浆中支链氨基酸和果糖的气相质谱衍生化分析方法.方法 精液样本液化离心后,按精子活率的临床标准分为正常组和非正常组,经TMS微波衍生化,GC/MS分析两组支链氨基酸、果糖衍生物含量差异.结果 正常组与非正常组的缬氨酸,亮氨酸,异亮氨酸在相对含量上均有一定差异.正常组3种氨基酸相对含量高于非正常组.果糖分析观察到同样的特征,正常组相对含量高于非正常组.结论 精子活率低的精浆样本仍可检出支链氨基酸和果糖,其差异有助于无精子、少精子精斑的法医学鉴别.     

农用地质量是由哪些要素构成的?——农用地分等规程解读

农用地的基本功能是为社会提供农产品,其质量可以用产量水平进行度量.该文解读了《农用地分等规程》采用定量方法综合评定农用地的质量所涉及“天”、“地”、“生”、“人”四个方面因素.“天”的因素是宏观的,是决定一个地区耕地自然质量的首要条件,其连续变化的特点,是耕地等别序列全国可比性的自然基础.“地”的因素是区域性和地方性的,决定着耕地自然属性特征的多样性,也是导致耕地自然质量差异显著、评价因素复杂的主要原因.“生”的因素是耕地形成有效产出的关键,作物品种的差异不仅影响耕地的产量,更影响农产品的品质.“人”是开发、利用和改造耕地的关键因素,具有巨大的建设能力或破坏力量.最后,该文认为遵循因地制宜、合理利用的原则,通过土地整治,提高耕地质量,将是中国耕地保护与生产能力建设的重要途径.