《公安信息系统应用》课程与警察院校计算机基础教学改革

目前,大学各专业的专业课与公共基础课在课时安排上面临较大冲突,计算机课程要如何安排才能培养学生的计算思维能力,满足不同专业学生共同面对的信息化时代的需求,是我们需要深入思考与讨论的问题。我们针对公安"二学位"学生的计算机应用水平较大差异的特点,对计算机基础课程《公安信息系统应用》从教学内容、教学大纲、教学方法与手段上进行了一系列改革探讨,为警察院校计算机基础教学改革提供新的思路。     

农用地质量是由哪些要素构成的?——农用地分等规程解读

农用地的基本功能是为社会提供农产品,其质量可以用产量水平进行度量.该文解读了《农用地分等规程》采用定量方法综合评定农用地的质量所涉及“天”、“地”、“生”、“人”四个方面因素.“天”的因素是宏观的,是决定一个地区耕地自然质量的首要条件,其连续变化的特点,是耕地等别序列全国可比性的自然基础.“地”的因素是区域性和地方性的,决定着耕地自然属性特征的多样性,也是导致耕地自然质量差异显著、评价因素复杂的主要原因.“生”的因素是耕地形成有效产出的关键,作物品种的差异不仅影响耕地的产量,更影响农产品的品质.“人”是开发、利用和改造耕地的关键因素,具有巨大的建设能力或破坏力量.最后,该文认为遵循因地制宜、合理利用的原则,通过土地整治,提高耕地质量,将是中国耕地保护与生产能力建设的重要途径.     

犯罪均值频率——一种犯罪时间分布的测度指标

犯罪在时间分布方面有其特定规律,常规的犯罪总数或平均数等统计量存在不稳定性、偏差性和数据保密性等问题,不利于犯罪时间分布特征的客观对比分析。犯罪均值频率指标克服了传统时间分布统计量存在的问题,可以用来分析犯罪是否偏好发生于特定的时间内,满足了犯罪时间分布规律分析需求。运用该指标对某市5年内的入室盗窃犯罪在星期日别、月份上的时间分布规律进行了实证研究,结果表明,入室盗窃在该市3月份和9-12月份表现为高发期,而在周末则表现为犯罪低谷期。     

GC/MS衍生化测定精浆中游离支链氨基酸和果糖

目的 建立人精浆中支链氨基酸和果糖的气相质谱衍生化分析方法.方法 精液样本液化离心后,按精子活率的临床标准分为正常组和非正常组,经TMS微波衍生化,GC/MS分析两组支链氨基酸、果糖衍生物含量差异.结果 正常组与非正常组的缬氨酸,亮氨酸,异亮氨酸在相对含量上均有一定差异.正常组3种氨基酸相对含量高于非正常组.果糖分析观察到同样的特征,正常组相对含量高于非正常组.结论 精子活率低的精浆样本仍可检出支链氨基酸和果糖,其差异有助于无精子、少精子精斑的法医学鉴别.     

Comparison of two methods for isolating DNA from human skeletal remains for STR analysis

Abstract: The quality and efficiency of a standard organic DNA isolation method and a silica‐based method using the QIAGEN Blood Maxi Kit were compared to obtain human DNA and short tandem repeats (STRs) profiles from 39 exhumed bone samples for paternity testing. DNA samples were quantified by real‐time PCR, and STR profiles were obtained using the AmpFlSTR^® Identifiler^® PCR amplification kit. Overall, the silica‐based method recovered less DNA ranging from 0 to 147.7 ng/g (average 7.57 ng/g, median = 1.3 ng/g) than did the organic method ranging from 0 to 605 ng/g (average 44.27 ng/g, median = 5.8 ng/g). Complete profiles (16/16 loci tested) were obtained from 37/39 samples (95%) using the organic method and from 9/39 samples (23%) with the silica‐based method. Compared with a standard organic DNA isolation method, our results indicate that the published silica‐based method does not improve neither the quality nor the quantity of DNA for STR profiling.     

Traumatic bilateral vertebral artery dissection

Traumatic vertebral artery dissection is not often seen by forensic pathologists, and cases investigated are scarce in the forensic literature. We present the case of a 40-year-old woman cyclist who was struck by a car while wearing a helmet, and was neurologically near normal immediately thereafter at Emergency. She presented 48 h later with acute right hemiparesis, decreasing level of consciousness, and unsteadiness. CT revealed massive cerebellar infarction. CT angiography was normal. The patient died in coma 7 days after injury and autopsy revealed bilateral edematous cerebellar infarction and bilateral vertebral artery dissection. Rotational neck injury and mural tear in the wall of the Atlantic parts of both vertebral arteries is suggested as the possible mechanism of the arterial injury. Head and neck injuries are reported as a precipitating cause of vertebral artery injury. The possible influence of trauma may be further underestimated if longer intervals between vessel dissection and ischemia occur. The current case illustrates that "talk-and-die" syndrome may be due to occult vertebral artery dissection, possibly bilateral. In forensic cases of delayed death after mild trauma to the head and neck, the vertebral arteries should be examined for the cause of death.     

非婚生子女认领制度比较研究——兼及立法建议

非婚生子女认领制度是亲子法领域确立非婚生子女与其生父母法律身份的一项重要制度.我国现行<婚姻法>对非婚生子女的法律地位予以明确界定,非婚生子女与婚生子女受到法律的同等保护,但确认亲子身份的认领制度却付之阙如,这不仅使亲子法的立法结构及内容存在缺陷,而且实践中通过公证办理亲子认领的做法无法可依.学界对这一问题缺乏必要的关注和深入的探讨,也使之成为立法中一个较为薄弱的环节.在我国,以2010年制定民法典为目标,正在对各项制度进行纵深研究.认领制度作为民法典的一个细部结构,中国民法典婚姻家庭编之法学专家建议稿已对此表示了一种倾向,就子女认领制度作出了规定,但规定过于原则.     

Procedural justice,minorities, and religiosity

The current research explores six hypotheses derived from the well-known procedural justice-based model of legitimacy in two different religious groups in Israel, and adds to the model the effect of religiosity on the perceived legitimacy of rules and institutions of social control. Our results, based on data from a representative sample of 1,216 Israeli Jews and Arabs, provide general support for the hypotheses. We found that the social order is perceived as less legitimate by the Arab minority compared with the Jewish majority, and by highly religious members of the Jewish majority compared with those who are less religious.     

A free market bailout alternative?

It has been more than 3 years since the collapse of the investment bank Lehman Brothers and the beginning of the Troubled Asset Relief Program. Most recently, the sovereign debt crisis in Europe has led to the bailout of the governments of Ireland, Portugal and Greece. A main reason behind these bailouts is to support European banks loaded with government bonds on their balance sheet. In this article we analyze the detrimental consequences of the public bailout in 2008 and argue that a free market alternative existed. The alternative of a private bailout outlined in this article, consisting of the conversion of liabilities into equity and a private capital increase, largely avoids the problems of a public bailout. Similarly, a public bailout of governments of the Eurozone to sustain banks may be detrimental.